ATI TEAS 7
Chemistry
1. Which of the following factors would increase the solubility of a gas in a liquid?
- A. Decreasing temperature
- B. Increasing pressure
- C. Decreasing surface area
- D. Increasing particle size
Correct answer: b
Rationale: Henry's law states that the solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the pressure of the gas above the liquid. The other choices would typically decrease solubility.
2. What is the process of making copies of DNA called?
- A. Transcription
- B. Translation
- C. Replication
- D. DNA repair
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: A) Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA template. It involves the creation of mRNA molecules from a DNA template. B) Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from mRNA. During translation, the genetic code carried by mRNA is decoded to produce a specific sequence of amino acids, forming a protein. C) Replication is the process of making copies of DNA. This process occurs before cell division and ensures that each daughter cell receives an identical copy of the genetic material. D) DNA repair is a cellular mechanism that corrects errors in DNA that arise due to various factors such as exposure to mutagens or mistakes during DNA replication. It is essential for maintaining the integrity of the genetic material.
3. Which biome is characterized by cold temperatures, permafrost, and coniferous trees?
- A. Tundra
- B. Desert
- C. Rainforest
- D. Savanna
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Rationale: A) Tundra: This biome is characterized by cold temperatures, permafrost (permanently frozen subsoil), and vegetation such as mosses, lichens, and coniferous trees like spruce and fir. The tundra is found in high latitudes near the Arctic Circle and high altitudes in mountainous regions. B) Desert: Deserts are characterized by low precipitation levels and high temperatures, with sparse vegetation adapted to arid conditions. C) Rainforest: Rainforests are characterized by high levels of rainfall, warm temperatures, and dense vegetation with a variety of plant and animal species. D) Savanna: Savannas are tropical grasslands with scattered trees and shrubs, characterized by a distinct wet and dry season. In this case, the description of cold temperatures, permafrost, and coniferous trees aligns most closely with the characteristics of the tundra biome, making option A
4. A child's toy block is a cube with side lengths of 5cm. What is its total surface area?
- A. 25 sq cm
- B. 50 sq cm
- C. 125 sq
- D. 150 sq cm
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Use the formula for surface area of a cube: 6 * (side length)^2 = 6 * (5cm)^2 = 125 sq cm.
5. Which of the following organs is NOT directly involved in the mechanical breakdown of food?
- A. Mouth
- B. Stomach
- C. Small intestine
- D. Esophagus
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, esophagus. The esophagus is a muscular tube that connects the mouth to the stomach, but it is not directly involved in the mechanical breakdown of food. The mouth is responsible for the initial mechanical breakdown of food through chewing, the stomach further breaks down food through muscular contractions, and the small intestine aids in the digestion process. However, the esophagus primarily serves to transport chewed food from the mouth to the stomach via peristaltic movements, without actively breaking down the food itself.
6. What happens when an atom loses an electron?
- A. It becomes a molecule.
- B. It gains a positive charge and becomes an ion.
- C. It changes its element identity.
- D. Nothing happens, it remains neutral.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: It gains a positive charge and becomes an ion. Losing an electron disrupts the charge balance, leaving the atom with more protons than electrons and a positive charge.
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