Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following is a characteristic of a solution with a high viscosity?

• A. It flows easily
• B. It has a low resistance to flow
• C. It has a high resistance to flow
• D. It does not mix with other liquids

Correct answer: c

Rationale: Solutions with high viscosity have a high resistance to flow. The other choices do not accurately describe high viscosity.

2. A solution is considered saturated when...

• A. More solute can be dissolved
• B. The solvent starts to evaporate
• C. The solution becomes cloudy
• D. It reaches a specific temperature

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'The solvent starts to evaporate.' A solution is considered saturated when the solvent can no longer dissolve any more solute at a given temperature. When the solvent starts to evaporate, it means that the solution is becoming more concentrated and reaching its saturation point. This is a key indicator of a saturated solution. The other options do not accurately describe the concept of a saturated solution, making them incorrect choices.

3. What is the scientific name for the kneecap?

• A. Patella
• B. Femur
• C. Tibia
• D. Fibula

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The patella, commonly known as the kneecap, is a small, flat, triangular bone that sits at the front of the knee joint. It protects the joint from impact and helps to transmit force from the quadriceps muscle to the tibia (shinbone).

4. Bile, a yellowish-green fluid, is stored in the gallbladder and released into the small intestine during digestion. What is the primary function of bile in digestion?

• A. Break down carbohydrates
• B. Break down proteins
• C. Emulsify fats
• D. Neutralize stomach acid

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The primary function of bile in digestion is to emulsify fats. Bile contains bile salts that help break down large fat globules into smaller droplets, which increases the surface area for enzymes to work on and aids in the absorption of fats in the small intestine. This process is essential for the digestion and absorption of dietary fats. Bile does not directly break down carbohydrates or proteins, and it is not involved in neutralizing stomach acid, making option C the correct answer.

5. Which part of the brain is responsible for coordinating various sensory inputs, regulating sleep, and maintaining wakefulness?

• A. Cerebrum
• B. Hypothalamus
• C. Medulla oblongata
• D. Reticular formation

Correct answer: d

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Reticular formation. The reticular formation is a network of neurons located in the brainstem that plays a crucial role in regulating consciousness, arousal, and sleep-wake transitions. It receives sensory inputs from various parts of the body and helps coordinate these inputs to maintain wakefulness and alertness. While the cerebrum is responsible for higher cognitive functions and the hypothalamus regulates various physiological processes like body temperature and hunger, the reticular formation specifically focuses on integrating sensory information and controlling wakefulness.

6. Which term describes the resistance of a substance to flow?

• A. Density
• B. Viscosity
• C. Conductivity
• D. Malleability

Correct answer: b

Rationale: Viscosity refers to the resistance of a substance to flow. Substances with high viscosity flow slowly, while those with low viscosity flow more easily.

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