TEAS 7 Biology: Master Key Concepts

ATI TEAS 7

Biology

1. Discern the INCORRECT function of the liver.

A. Bile production, aiding digestion.
B. Blood protein synthesis, such as albumin.
C. Glucose storage for energy regulation.
D. Filtration of waste products from the blood.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Rationale: A) Correct - The liver produces bile, which aids in the digestion and absorption of fats in the small intestine. B) Correct - The liver is responsible for synthesizing blood proteins, including albumin, which helps maintain osmotic pressure in the blood. C) Correct - The liver stores glucose in the form of glycogen and helps regulate blood sugar levels by releasing glucose when needed. D) Incorrect - The liver does not filter waste products from the blood. Instead, the kidneys are responsible for filtering waste products from the blood and excreting them in the form of urine.

2. Which phrase best describes the tone of the passage?

A. Humorous and lighthearted
B. Suspenseful and mysterious
C. Objective and informative
D. Critical and judgmental

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The passage presents factual information without injecting personal opinions or emotions. A, B, and D suggest tones not present in the passage's neutral delivery.

3. The microscopic functional unit of the kidney responsible for filtering blood is the:

A. Ureter
B. Nephron
C. Renal pelvis
D. Bladder

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Nephron. The nephron is the microscopic functional unit of the kidney responsible for filtering blood and producing urine. It consists of the glomerulus, Bowman's capsule, proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, and distal convoluted tubule. The other options, A: Ureter, C: Renal pelvis, and D: Bladder, are incorrect as they are not parts of the nephron but rather other structures involved in the urinary system. The ureter is a tube that carries urine from the kidneys to the bladder, the renal pelvis is a funnel-shaped structure in the kidney that collects urine, and the bladder stores urine before it is excreted from the body.

4. What hormone signals the release of digestive enzymes from the pancreas?

A. Gastrin
B. Insulin
C. Glucagon
D. Secretin

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Rationale: A) Gastrin is a hormone that stimulates the release of gastric acid in the stomach, not digestive enzymes from the pancreas. B) Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that regulates blood sugar levels by facilitating the uptake of glucose into cells, but it does not directly signal the release of digestive enzymes from the pancreas. C) Glucagon is another hormone produced by the pancreas that works opposite to insulin by increasing blood sugar levels, but it is not involved in signaling the release of digestive enzymes from the pancreas. D) Secretin is a hormone released by the small intestine in response to the presence of acidic chyme. It stimulates the pancreas to release bicarbonate to neutralize the acidity of the chyme and also triggers the release of digestive enzymes from the pancreas to aid in digestion. Therefore, secretin is the hormone that signals the release of digestive enzymes from the pancreas.

5. The primary source of energy entering most ecosystems is:

A. Chemical energy stored in bonds
B. Thermal energy from the Earth's core
C. Light energy from the sun
D. Kinetic energy from wind and water

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: In most ecosystems, the primary source of energy is sunlight. This energy is captured by plants and other photosynthetic organisms through the process of photosynthesis. These organisms convert light energy into chemical energy stored in the bonds of organic molecules, such as glucose. This stored chemical energy is then passed on to other organisms in the ecosystem through the food chain, making sunlight the fundamental source of energy for most ecosystems. Thermal energy from the Earth's core (option B) is not a primary source of energy for ecosystems, as it is not readily accessible to most organisms. Kinetic energy from wind and water (option D) can play a role in some ecosystems, but it is not the primary source of energy. Chemical energy stored in bonds (option A) is a form of energy that is derived ultimately from the sun through photosynthesis.