Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following functional groups has the highest priority according to the Cahn-Ingold-Prelog (CIP) ranking system?

• A. Alcohol (OH)
• B. Aldehyde (CHO)
• C. Carboxylic Acid (COOH)
• D. Amine (NH2)

Correct answer: C

Rationale: According to the Cahn-Ingold-Prelog (CIP) ranking system, the priority of functional groups is determined based on the atomic number of the atoms directly bonded to the functional group. In this case, carboxylic acid (COOH) has the highest priority because the carbon atom is directly bonded to two oxygen atoms, which have higher atomic numbers than carbon. The alcohol (OH) group has a lower priority as the oxygen atom is only bonded to hydrogen, while the aldehyde (CHO) and amine (NH2) groups have lower priorities compared to carboxylic acid. Therefore, option C, carboxylic acid, is the correct answer as it has the highest priority in the CIP ranking system.

2. What happens to the kinetic energy of an object when its mass is doubled?

• A. Kinetic energy remains the same
• B. Kinetic energy halves
• C. Kinetic energy doubles
• D. Kinetic energy quadruples

Correct answer: c

Rationale: Kinetic energy is directly proportional to the square of an object's mass when its velocity remains constant.

3. What mineral is essential for muscle function and can cause cramps if deficient?

• A. Sodium
• B. Calcium
• C. Potassium
• D. Magnesium

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Calcium. Calcium is essential for muscle function, including muscle contraction and relaxation. A deficiency in calcium can lead to muscle cramps and spasms. While sodium, potassium, and magnesium are also important for muscle function, calcium specifically plays a crucial role in muscle contractions. Therefore, calcium is the mineral that is essential for muscle function and can cause cramps if deficient.

4. Which component of the nervous system is responsible for controlling voluntary movements, such as the contraction of skeletal muscles?

• A. Autonomic nervous system
• B. Peripheral nervous system
• C. Somatic nervous system
• D. Sympathetic nervous system

Correct answer: c

Rationale: The correct answer is C, the somatic nervous system. The somatic nervous system is responsible for controlling voluntary movements, such as the contraction of skeletal muscles. This system consists of motor neurons that send signals from the central nervous system to the skeletal muscles, allowing us to consciously control our movements. The autonomic nervous system (A) controls involuntary actions like heart rate and digestion, the peripheral nervous system (B) includes all nerves outside of the brain and spinal cord, and the sympathetic nervous system (D) is a division of the autonomic nervous system responsible for the fight-or-flight response. Therefore, the somatic nervous system is specifically involved in voluntary movements.

5. Which sentence uses the past perfect tense correctly?

• A. By the time I arrived, the party had already begun.
• B. I wish I had studied harder for the exam.
• C. We will have finished the project by Monday.
• D. She had been waiting for hours before he finally showed up.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Option A expresses an action ("party began") completed before another past action ("I arrived").

6. Stephanie is a new Staff Educator of a private tertiary hospital. She conducts orientation

• A. Organizational structure
• B. Policy
• C. Job description
• D. Manual of procedures

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, 'Manual of procedures.' During orientation, Stephanie as a Staff Educator would likely refer to the manual of procedures to provide new employees with detailed instructions on how to perform their job duties. This manual outlines the specific procedures, protocols, and guidelines that employees are expected to follow within the organization. It serves as a valuable resource for new hires to understand the standard operating procedures and expectations within the hospital setting, making it a crucial document to reference during orientation.

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