ATI TEAS 7
Chemistry
1. Which functional group is commonly found in ketones?
- A. Hydroxyl
- B. Carbonyl
- C. Ester
- D. Amine
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Ketones have the functional group -CO-, which is a carbonyl group. The other choices are associated with different functional groups
2. What is the half-life of a radioactive isotope, and how does it relate to its decay rate?
- A. The time it takes for half of the initial sample to decay.
- B. The time it takes for all the sample to decay.
- C. The rate at which new isotopes are created.
- D. The energy released during decay.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Half-life tells the time it takes for half of the original radioactive nuclei to decay, offering an indication of the decay rate.
3. What is the term for a group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring?
- A. Genus
- B. Phylum
- C. Kingdom
- D. Species
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Rationale: A species is defined as a group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring. This ability to interbreed and produce fertile offspring is a key characteristic that distinguishes one species from another. In contrast, a genus (option A) is a taxonomic rank that includes one or more species that are closely related, while a phylum (option B) and a kingdom (option C) are higher taxonomic ranks that encompass multiple species.
4. How does the stability of an atom's nucleus influence its radioactive decay?
- A. Stable nuclei never undergo radioactive decay.
- B. Unstable nuclei are more likely to decay through various processes.
- C. Decay releases energy, making stable nuclei more prone to it.
- D. The element's position on the periodic table determines its decay rate.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Unstable nuclei are more likely to decay through various processes. The stability of an atom's nucleus is a key factor in determining whether it will undergo radioactive decay. Unstable nuclei have an excess of either protons or neutrons, leading to an imbalance in the nucleus. To achieve a more stable configuration, these nuclei will undergo radioactive decay by emitting particles or energy. Stable nuclei, on the other hand, are less likely to undergo radioactive decay as they have a balanced number of protons and neutrons.
5. The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium describes a population that is:
- A. Undergoing rapid evolution due to strong directional selection.
- B. Not evolving and at genetic equilibrium with stable allele frequencies.
- C. Experiencing a founder effect leading to a reduction in genetic diversity.
- D. Dominated by a single homozygous genotype that eliminates all variation.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Rationale: The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium describes a theoretical population in which allele frequencies remain constant from generation to generation, indicating that the population is not evolving. This equilibrium occurs under specific conditions: no mutation, no gene flow, random mating, a large population size, and no natural selection. In this scenario, all genotypes are in proportion to the allele frequencies, and genetic diversity is maintained. Options A, C, and D do not accurately describe a population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Option A suggests rapid evolution due to strong directional selection, which would disrupt the equilibrium. Option C mentions a founder effect, which can reduce genetic diversity but is not a characteristic of a population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Option D describes a population dominated by a single homozygous genotype, which also does not align with the genetic diversity seen in a population at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.
6. Salts are formed by the reaction between:
- A. Two acids
- B. An acid and a base
- C. Two bases
- D. A metal and a nonmetal only
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Salts are ionic compounds formed by the reaction of an acid and a base
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