Nursing Elites

1. Ms. Valencia is responsible to the number of personnel reporting to her. This principle refers

• A. Span of control
• B. Unity of command
• C. Carrot and stick principle
• D. Esprit d’ corp

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Unity of command. Unity of command is a fundamental principle of management stating that each employee should receive orders from only one supervisor to avoid confusion and ensure clarity in the chain of command. In this scenario, Ms. Valencia's responsibility for the number of personnel reporting to her aligns with the concept of unity of command. Span of control refers to the number of subordinates a supervisor can efficiently manage, while the carrot and stick principle involves motivating employees through rewards and punishments. Esprit d’ corp refers to the sense of unity and camaraderie within a group.

2. Which word completes the sentence "He was ____ by the unexpected turn of events."

• A. elated (joyful)
• B. bewildered (confused)
• C. vindicated (justified)
• D. apathetic (uninterested)

Correct answer: B

Rationale: "Bewildered" best describes the confusion caused by the unexpected events.

3. What property of matter remains constant regardless of changes in gravity?

• A. Mass
• B. Weight
• C. Volume
• D. Density

Correct answer: a

Rationale: Mass is the measure of the amount of matter in an object and remains constant regardless of changes in gravity or location. It is an intrinsic property of matter.

4. During photosynthesis, plants capture sunlight and convert water and carbon dioxide into glucose and oxygen. This is an example of a:

• A. Decomposition reaction
• B. Combustion reaction
• C. Synthesis reaction
• D. Double displacement reaction

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Synthesis reaction. During photosynthesis, plants combine water and carbon dioxide using sunlight to produce glucose and oxygen. In a synthesis reaction, two or more substances combine to form a more complex product. In this case, glucose and oxygen are synthesized from simpler molecules. A decomposition reaction involves breaking down a compound into simpler substances, which is not the case in photosynthesis. Combustion reactions involve the rapid reaction of a fuel with oxygen to produce heat and light, which is also not the process occurring in photosynthesis. Double displacement reactions involve the exchange of ions between two compounds to form new compounds, which is not the mechanism of photosynthesis. Therefore, the process described in the question aligns with a synthesis reaction.

5. Bile, a yellowish-green fluid, is stored in the gallbladder and released into the small intestine during digestion. What is the primary function of bile in digestion?

• A. Break down carbohydrates
• B. Break down proteins
• C. Emulsify fats
• D. Neutralize stomach acid

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The primary function of bile in digestion is to emulsify fats. Bile contains bile salts that help break down large fat globules into smaller droplets, which increases the surface area for enzymes to work on and aids in the absorption of fats in the small intestine. This process is essential for the digestion and absorption of dietary fats. Bile does not directly break down carbohydrates or proteins, and it is not involved in neutralizing stomach acid, making option C the correct answer.

6. A medication order is written as 3/4 of a tablet. If each tablet is 500mg, what is the equivalent dosage in milligrams?

• A. 375mg
• B. 425mg
• C. 450mg
• D. 475mg

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Multiply the tablet strength (500mg) by the fractional dose (3/4) to get 375 milligrams.

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