Nursing Elites

1. What type of energy does a stretched rubber band possess?

• A. Kinetic energy
• B. Potential energy
• C. Thermal energy
• D. Mechanical energy

Correct answer:

Rationale: When a rubber band is stretched, it stores potential energy due to its position or state.

2. According to Newton's third law of motion, for every action, there is an equal and opposite ___________.

• A. Reaction
• B. Force
• C. Acceleration
• D. Momentum

Correct answer: a

Rationale: Newton's third law states that for every force or action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

3. Rectangle: A picture frame measures 15cm by 20cm. What is its perimeter?

• A. 30cm
• B. 55cm
• C. 65cm
• D. 75cm

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Add the lengths of all sides: perimeter = 2 (length + width) = 2 (15cm + 20cm) = 65cm.

4. The phrase "massive open online courses" (MOOCs) refers to

• A. Online learning platforms designed specifically for students with disabilities.
• B. University-level courses freely available to anyone with an internet connection.
• C. Interactive training modules aimed at developing job-specific skills and knowledge.
• D. Online resources offering personalized learning experiences tailored to individual needs.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: MOOCs by definition are open and accessible courses, aligning with B.

5. What is the function of the epiglottis?

• A. Produces saliva
• B. Senses taste
• C. Prevents food from entering the windpipe
• D. Filters blood

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: The epiglottis is a flap of cartilage located at the base of the tongue that covers the opening of the windpipe (trachea) during swallowing to prevent food and liquids from entering the airway. This action ensures that food and liquids are directed to the esophagus and down into the stomach, rather than entering the respiratory system, which could lead to choking or aspiration pneumonia. The other options (A) Produces saliva, (B) Senses taste, and (D) Filters blood are functions of other structures in the body and are not related to the role of the epiglottis.

6. Molecular clocks utilize the accumulation of mutations in DNA sequences to estimate the evolutionary divergence time between species. This method relies on the assumption that:

• A. The rate of mutation is constant across all genes and all species.
• B. Species with more morphological similarities diverged more recently.
• C. Mutations are always beneficial and contribute to increased fitness.
• D. The fossil record provides the most accurate estimates of evolutionary relationships.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Rationale: A molecular clock is a method used to estimate the time of divergence between species by measuring the accumulation of mutations in DNA sequences. This method relies on the assumption that mutations occur at a relatively constant rate over time. If the rate of mutation were not constant, it would be challenging to accurately estimate the evolutionary divergence time between species. Therefore, option A is the most appropriate choice as it aligns with the fundamental principle underlying the molecular clock hypothesis. Option B is incorrect because the assumption that species with more morphological similarities diverged more recently does not directly relate to the concept of molecular clocks and the accumulation of mutations in DNA sequences. Option C is incorrect because mutations are not always beneficial and do not always contribute to increased fitness. Mutations can be neutral or deleterious as well, and their accumulation is what is used to estimate evolutionary di

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