Nursing Elites

1. What type of energy does a stretched rubber band possess?

• A. Kinetic energy
• B. Potential energy
• C. Thermal energy
• D. Mechanical energy

Correct answer:

Rationale: When a rubber band is stretched, it stores potential energy due to its position or state.

2. Which of these organisms belongs to the kingdom Protista?

• A. Coral
• B. Yeast
• C. Euglena
• D. Mushroom

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: A) Coral belongs to the kingdom Animalia, specifically in the phylum Cnidaria. B) Yeast belongs to the kingdom Fungi. C) Euglena is a unicellular organism that belongs to the kingdom Protista. It is a type of protist that has characteristics of both plants and animals. D) Mushroom belongs to the kingdom Fungi. Therefore, among the options provided, only Euglena belongs to the kingdom Protista.

3. What disease is characterized by progressive muscle weakness and wasting?

• A. Muscular dystrophy
• B. Myositis
• C. Fibromyalgia
• D. Carpal tunnel syndrome

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Muscular dystrophy. Muscular dystrophy is a genetic disorder characterized by progressive muscle weakness and wasting over time. It primarily affects skeletal muscles, leading to difficulties in movement and muscle function. Myositis is an inflammatory condition affecting the muscles, but it may not always result in progressive muscle weakness and wasting. Fibromyalgia is a chronic pain disorder characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain and fatigue, not necessarily progressive muscle weakness. Carpal tunnel syndrome is a compression neuropathy affecting the median nerve in the wrist, leading to symptoms like numbness and tingling in the hand, but it does not cause progressive muscle weakness and wasting like muscular dystrophy does.

4. What is the relationship between work and the displacement of an object?

• A. Work depends only on the force applied, not displacement
• B. Work is directly proportional to displacement
• C. Work is inversely proportional to displacement
• D. Work is unrelated to displacement

Correct answer:

Rationale: Work done is directly proportional to the displacement of an object in the direction of the force applied.

5. What is the relationship between genetic drift and the founder effect?

• A. Founder effect is a cause of genetic drift within a small population
• B. Genetic drift is a cause of the founder effect in new populations
• C. They are the same phenomenon with different names
• D. They are unrelated concepts.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Rationale: - The founder effect is a specific type of genetic drift that occurs when a small group of individuals establishes a new population, leading to a loss of genetic variation. - Genetic drift, on the other hand, is a broader concept that refers to random changes in allele frequencies in a population over time due to chance events. - Therefore, the founder effect is a specific scenario within the broader concept of genetic drift, where the establishment of a new population by a small number of individuals leads to genetic changes in the population.

6. Explain how a single gene mutation can lead to multiple phenotypes depending on the organism.

• A. Pleiotropy describes the effect of one gene influencing multiple seemingly unrelated traits.
• B. Epigenetics involves environmental factors modifying gene expression without altering the DNA sequence.
• C. Genetic drift refers to random changes in allele frequencies within a population.
• D. Gene regulation controls the timing and level of gene expression within an organism.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: A single gene mutation can affect different biochemical pathways or developmental processes, leading to a cascade of downstream effects and diverse phenotypic consequences.

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