Nursing Elites

1. Which number is the opposite of -3?

• A. -6
• B. 3
• C. 0
• D. 6

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The opposite of a number is the one with the same distance from zero but on the opposite side of the number line. So, the opposite of -3 is 3.

2. What is the name of the master gland that regulates the function of many other endocrine glands?

• A. Thyroid gland
• B. Pituitary gland
• C. Hypothalamus
• D. Adrenal gland

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Pituitary gland. The pituitary gland is often referred to as the 'master gland' because it plays a crucial role in regulating the function of many other endocrine glands in the body. It secretes hormones that control various processes such as growth, metabolism, and reproduction. The thyroid gland (A) primarily regulates metabolism, the hypothalamus (C) helps control the pituitary gland, and the adrenal gland (D) produces hormones involved in stress response. Therefore, the pituitary gland is the main gland responsible for coordinating the activities of other endocrine glands, earning it the title of the master gland.

3. The unit for measuring luminous flux, which describes the perceived brightness of a light source by the human eye, is:

• A. Candela
• B. Lumen
• C. Lux
• D. Hertz

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Lumen. Luminous flux is the measure of the total quantity of visible light emitted by a source per unit time, measured in lumens. The candela (A) is the unit for luminous intensity, lux (C) is the unit for illuminance (luminous flux per unit area), and Hertz (D) is the unit for frequency. Therefore, in this question, the unit for measuring luminous flux is the lumen, as it specifically quantifies the perceived brightness of a light source by the human eye.

4. She knows that there are external forces that influence changes in his unit. Which of the

• A. Memo from the CEO to cut down on electrical consumption
• B. Demands of the labor sector to increase wages
• C. Low morale of staff in her unit
• D. Exacting regulatory and accreditation standards

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is option A: 'Memo from the CEO to cut down on electrical consumption.' This choice represents an external force that can influence changes in the unit by setting a directive from top management to reduce electricity usage, impacting operations and decisions within the unit. While options B, C, and D may also affect the unit to some extent, they are not as directly tied to external influences as the CEO's memo. The demands of the labor sector (option B) and low staff morale (option C) are internal factors, while regulatory and accreditation standards (option D) are more overarching guidelines rather than specific external forces impacting the unit. Therefore, the most direct and relevant external force in this scenario is the directive from the CEO, making option A the correct choice.

5. A patient's weight is measured as 75 kilograms. What is their weight in pounds?

• A. 132 pounds
• B. 150 pounds
• C. 110 pounds
• D. 85 pounds

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Rationale: To convert kilograms to pounds, you can use the conversion factor 1 kilogram is approximately equal to 2.20462 pounds. Therefore, to convert 75 kilograms to pounds: 75 kilograms * 2.20462 pounds/kilogram ≈ 165.3475 pounds Rounded to the nearest whole number, the patient's weight of 75 kilograms is approximately 165 pounds. Among the given options, the closest weight in pounds to 165 is 150 pounds (option B).

6. Which of the following is NOT a recognized mode of natural selection?

• A. Directional selection (favoring one extreme trait value on a spectrum)
• B. Disruptive selection (favoring both extreme trait values on a spectrum)
• C. Stabilizing selection (favoring the average trait value on a spectrum)
• D. Sexual selection (selection based on mate choice that influences reproductive success)

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Rationale: A) Directional selection is a recognized mode of natural selection where one extreme trait value on a spectrum is favored over others. This can lead to a shift in the average trait value over time. B) Disruptive selection is a recognized mode of natural selection where both extreme trait values on a spectrum are favored over the average trait value. This can lead to the population splitting into two distinct groups. C) Stabilizing selection is a recognized mode of natural selection where the average trait value on a spectrum is favored over extreme values. This can lead to a reduction in genetic diversity within a population. D) Sexual selection is not a mode of natural selection in the traditional sense, as it involves mate choice and competition for mates rather than direct selection pressure on traits that affect survival and reproduction in the environment. Sexual selection can lead to the evolution of traits that enhance an individual's ability to attract

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