Nursing Elites

1. What is the main difference between a nuclear reactor and a nuclear bomb?

• A. Reactors use enriched uranium, while bombs use natural uranium.
• B. Reactors have controlled chain reactions, while bombs have uncontrolled chain reactions.
• C. Reactors generate electricity, while bombs cause explosions.
• D. Reactors use moderators, while bombs don't.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The key difference lies in the control of the fission chain reaction. Reactors have controlled reactions for energy generation, while bombs have rapid, uncontrolled reactions creating explosions.

2. The three main types of muscle tissue in the human body are:

• A. Smooth, cardiac, and voluntary skeletal
• B. Smooth, skeletal, and involuntary cardiac
• C. Voluntary smooth, cardiac, and skeletal
• D. Striated, non-striated, and epithelial

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Smooth, cardiac, and voluntary skeletal. Smooth muscle is found in the walls of internal organs and blood vessels, cardiac muscle makes up the heart, and voluntary skeletal muscle is attached to the bones and responsible for movement. Choice B is incorrect because cardiac muscle is involuntary, not voluntary. Choice C is incorrect because smooth muscle and cardiac muscle are involuntary, not voluntary. Choice D is incorrect because 'striated' and 'non-striated' refer to the appearance of muscle fibers, not the main types of muscle tissue in the body.

3. Which conjunction best joins the following sentence: "She loves animals, ____ she volunteers at the shelter."

• A. because
• B. therefore
• C. so
• D. and

Correct answer: D

Rationale: "And" simply adds information about her love for animals without implying cause or effect.

4. Which of these is NOT a function of the large intestine?

• A. Absorbing water and electrolytes
• B. Producing vitamins
• C. Breaking down fiber
• D. Eliminating waste products

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Rationale: A) Absorbing water and electrolytes: The large intestine plays a crucial role in absorbing water and electrolytes from the indigestible food matter that passes through it. This helps in maintaining the body's fluid balance and preventing dehydration. B) Producing vitamins: While the large intestine contains bacteria that can produce some vitamins like vitamin K and certain B vitamins, the primary site for vitamin production is the small intestine and other organs like the liver. C) Breaking down fiber: The large intestine is responsible for breaking down fiber that was not digested in the small intestine. The bacteria in the large intestine ferment fiber, producing short-chain fatty acids that can be used as an energy source by the body. D) Eliminating waste products: One of the main functions of the large intestine is to eliminate waste products, including indigestible food matter, dead cells, and bacteria, from the body in the form of feces.

5. What is the common name for the compound CH₃COOH?

• A. Acetic acid
• B. Formic acid
• C. Butyric acid
• D. Propionic acid

Correct answer: A

Rationale: CH₃COOH is commonly known as acetic acid. The other choices represent different organic acids.

6. Balance the chemical equation: C4H10 + O2 → CO2 + H2O. What is the coefficient for oxygen?

• A. 5
• B. 6
• C. 7
• D. 8

Correct answer: b

Rationale: The balanced equation is C4H10 + 6O2 → 4CO2 + 5H2O.

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