Nursing Elites

1. The discovery of nuclear fission is credited to:

• A. Marie Curie
• B. Albert Einstein
• C. Enrico Fermi
• D. Ernest Rutherford

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Enrico Fermi. Enrico Fermi is credited with the discovery of nuclear fission. In 1934, Fermi conducted experiments in which he bombarded uranium atoms with neutrons, leading to the splitting of the uranium nucleus and the release of energy. This groundbreaking discovery laid the foundation for the development of nuclear reactors and atomic bombs. Marie Curie made significant contributions to the field of radioactivity, but she did not discover nuclear fission. Albert Einstein is known for his theory of relativity, not for the discovery of nuclear fission. Ernest Rutherford made important contributions to the understanding of atomic structure, but he did not discover nuclear fission. Therefore, Enrico Fermi is the correct answer for the discovery of nuclear fission.

2. What is the main difference between a nuclear reactor and a nuclear bomb?

• A. Reactors use enriched uranium, while bombs use natural uranium.
• B. Reactors have controlled chain reactions, while bombs have uncontrolled chain reactions.
• C. Reactors generate electricity, while bombs cause explosions.
• D. Reactors use moderators, while bombs don't.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The key difference lies in the control of the fission chain reaction. Reactors have controlled reactions for energy generation, while bombs have rapid, uncontrolled reactions creating explosions.

3. Which type of muscle tissue contracts involuntarily and is found in organs like the heart and intestines?

• A. Skeletal muscle
• B. Cardiac muscle
• C. Smooth muscle
• D. All of the above

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Smooth muscle. Smooth muscle tissue contracts involuntarily and is found in organs like the heart and intestines. Skeletal muscle is responsible for voluntary movements, and cardiac muscle is specific to the heart. Therefore, smooth muscle is the only type of muscle tissue that fits the description provided in the question, making it the correct choice. Option D, 'All of the above,' is incorrect as it includes skeletal and cardiac muscles, which do not fit the criteria of being found in organs like the heart and intestines. Understanding the differences between these types of muscle tissue is crucial for comprehending their specific functions in the body.

4. The sentence "The audience was captivated by the speaker's compelling story" implies that the audience:

• A. Was bored and disinterested.
• B. Found the story confusing.
• C. Was completely absorbed and engaged.
• D. Disagreed with the speaker's message.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: "Captivated" suggests the audience was completely held by the speaker's story.

5. What type of energy is stored in food?

• A. Mechanical energy
• B. Kinetic energy
• C. Chemical potential energy
• D. Thermal energy

Correct answer: c

Rationale: Food stores energy in the form of chemical potential energy, which can be released during metabolic processes.

6. The process of a gas changing directly into a solid is called:

• A. Condensation
• B. Deposition
• C. Sublimation
• D. Evaporation

Correct answer: B

Rationale: This process, also known as sublimation, involves gas particles losing energy and transitioning directly into the solid state.

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