1. What is the name of the sheath of connective tissue that surrounds a skeletal muscle?

A. Epimysium
B. Perimysium
C. Endomysium
D. Myofibril

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Epimysium. The epimysium is the outermost layer of connective tissue that surrounds a skeletal muscle. It provides protection and support to the muscle fibers within, as well as helps in transmitting forces generated by the muscle. Perimysium (B) is the connective tissue that surrounds bundles of muscle fibers called fascicles, while endomysium (C) is the connective tissue that surrounds individual muscle fibers. Myofibril (D) is a structure within muscle fibers that contains the contractile units responsible for muscle contraction. Therefore, in this context, the sheath of connective tissue surrounding a skeletal muscle is specifically referred to as the epimysium.

2. Which sentence uses the pronoun "they" correctly?

A. Her friends told her they liked her new haircut.
B. Sarah and I, they went to the movies.
C. They gave the awards to whomever deserved them.
D. The birds, they were singing in the trees.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Option A agrees with the closest noun, "friends."

3. What is the function of the cell membrane?

A. To protect the cell and control what enters and exits
B. To store energy
C. To produce proteins
D. To synthesize lipids

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Rationale: The cell membrane, also known as the plasma membrane, serves as a protective barrier for the cell, separating the internal environment of the cell from the external environment. It is selectively permeable, meaning it controls the passage of substances in and out of the cell. This regulation of what enters and exits the cell is crucial for maintaining the cell's internal environment and ensuring proper functioning. Options B, C, and D are incorrect because storing energy, producing proteins, and synthesizing lipids are functions carried out by other cellular structures such as mitochondria, ribosomes, and endoplasmic reticulum, respectively, not the cell membrane.

4. How does an increase in temperature generally affect the solubility of most solid solutes in a liquid solvent?

A. It increases solubility
B. It decreases solubility
C. It has no effect on solubility
D. It depends on the nature of the solute

Correct answer: a

Rationale: In general, increasing temperature tends to increase the solubility of most solid solutes in liquid solvents. The other choices do not accurately describe the effect of temperature on solubility.

5. Which of the following functional groups has the highest priority according to the Cahn-Ingold-Prelog (CIP) ranking system?

A. Alcohol (OH)
B. Aldehyde (CHO)
C. Carboxylic Acid (COOH)
D. Amine (NH2)

Correct answer: C

Rationale: According to the Cahn-Ingold-Prelog (CIP) ranking system, the priority of functional groups is determined based on the atomic number of the atoms directly bonded to the functional group. In this case, carboxylic acid (COOH) has the highest priority because the carbon atom is directly bonded to two oxygen atoms, which have higher atomic numbers than carbon. The alcohol (OH) group has a lower priority as the oxygen atom is only bonded to hydrogen, while the aldehyde (CHO) and amine (NH2) groups have lower priorities compared to carboxylic acid. Therefore, option C, carboxylic acid, is the correct answer as it has the highest priority in the CIP ranking system.

6. What are the differences between RNA and DNA?

A. Both have the same structure and function.
B. RNA is single-stranded, while DNA is double-stranded.
C. RNA contains ribose sugar, while DNA contains deoxyribose sugar.
D. RNA has adenine and guanine, while DNA has thymine and cytosine.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Rationale: A) This statement is incorrect. RNA and DNA have different structures and functions. RNA is involved in protein synthesis and other cellular processes, while DNA stores genetic information. B) This statement is correct. RNA is typically single-stranded, while DNA is double-stranded, forming a double helix structure. C) This statement is correct. RNA contains ribose sugar in its backbone, while DNA contains deoxyribose sugar. D) This statement is incorrect. RNA contains adenine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil, while DNA contains adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine.