Nursing Elites

1. What is a mutation?

• A. A change in the DNA sequence
• B. A type of protein
• C. A normal part of the DNA replication process
• D. A harmless variation in DNA

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Rationale: A mutation is defined as a change in the DNA sequence. Mutations can occur due to various factors such as errors during DNA replication, exposure to mutagens (e.g., chemicals, radiation), or spontaneous changes. These changes can result in alterations to the genetic information carried by an organism, which can have different effects ranging from harmless variations to causing genetic disorders or diseases. Mutations are a fundamental aspect of genetic diversity and evolution. Options B, C, and D do not accurately describe what a mutation is.

2. Which kingdom primarily consists of multicellular, photosynthetic organisms with cell walls made of cellulose?

• A. Animalia
• B. Fungi
• C. Plantae
• D. Protista

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: A) Animalia consists of multicellular organisms that lack cell walls and are heterotrophic. B) Fungi are multicellular organisms with cell walls made of chitin and are heterotrophic. C) Plantae primarily consists of multicellular, photosynthetic organisms with cell walls made of cellulose. This description fits plants. D) Protista is a diverse kingdom that includes unicellular and multicellular organisms with varying characteristics, but it does not primarily consist of multicellular, photosynthetic organisms with cell walls made of cellulose.

3. Which element is used in insulin and promotes glucose uptake into cells for energy production?

• A. Zinc
• B. Chromium
• C. Manganese
• D. Iron

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Chromium aids in insulin's function, enhancing glucose uptake by cells and regulating blood sugar levels.

4. What is the process of copying DNA called?

• A. Transcription
• B. Translation
• C. Replication
• D. Mutation

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: A) Transcription is the process of creating an RNA copy of a segment of DNA. It involves the synthesis of mRNA from a DNA template. B) Translation is the process of synthesizing a protein from an mRNA template. It involves the conversion of the mRNA sequence into a sequence of amino acids. C) Replication is the process of copying DNA to produce an identical copy. During replication, the DNA double helix unwinds and each strand serves as a template for the synthesis of a new complementary strand, resulting in two identical DNA molecules. D) Mutation refers to a change in the DNA sequence that can result from errors during replication, exposure to mutagens, or other factors. While mutations can occur during replication, the process of copying DNA itself is called replication.

5. What is the term for a genetic disorder caused by a mutation on the X chromosome?

• A. Autosomal dominant disorder
• B. Autosomal recessive disorder
• C. Sex-linked recessive disorder
• D. Sex-linked dominant disorder

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: - Autosomal dominant disorders (Option A) are caused by a mutation in one copy of a gene on one of the non-sex chromosomes (autosomes). These disorders do not specifically involve the X chromosome. - Autosomal recessive disorders (Option B) are caused by mutations in both copies of a gene on the autosomes. They are not directly related to mutations on the X chromosome. - Sex-linked dominant disorders (Option D) are rare and typically result in more severe symptoms in males because they only need one copy of the mutated gene on the X chromosome to express the disorder. This is not the term for a genetic disorder caused by a mutation on the X chromosome. - Sex-linked recessive disorders (Option C) are genetic disorders caused by mutations on the X chromosome. These disorders are more commonly seen in males because they have only one X chromosome, making them more susceptible to X-linked mutations. Females have two

6. Identify the indirect object in the following sentence: "He gave his mother a bouquet of flowers."

• A. mother
• B. bouquet
• C. flowers
• D. gave

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The indirect object tells who or what benefits from the action of the verb.

Similar Questions