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Nursing Elites

ATI TEAS 7

Scientific Reasoning

1. A news article claims a scientist has discovered a single, universal cure for all allergies. This claim seems:

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Science rarely offers universal solutions for complex biological phenomena. Extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence and independent verification.

2. Which part of the neuron insulates and speeds up the transmission of nerve impulses along the axon?

Correct answer: b

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Myelin sheath. The myelin sheath is a fatty substance that surrounds the axon of a neuron, acting as an insulator to speed up the transmission of nerve impulses. It does this by creating gaps called nodes of Ranvier where the nerve impulses jump from one node to the next, allowing for faster signal conduction. Dendrites are branch-like extensions that receive signals from other neurons, the synapse is the junction between two neurons where neurotransmitters are released, and the cell body contains the nucleus and organelles of the neuron, but it is the myelin sheath that specifically insulates and speeds up the transmission of nerve impulses along the axon.

3. Why is it important to have control groups in scientific experiments?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Control groups allow observation of what would happen without the tested variable, giving a baseline for comparison and isolating the specific effect being studied.

4. Which element is used in insulin and promotes glucose uptake into cells for energy production?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Chromium aids in insulin's function, enhancing glucose uptake by cells and regulating blood sugar levels.

5. he shimmering image of water seen on a hot road is a well-known example of:

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The shimmering image of water seen on a hot road is a classic example of refraction. Refraction occurs when light waves pass from one medium to another, causing them to change direction due to the change in speed. In this scenario, the air above the road is hotter than the air closer to the ground, creating different densities of air which causes light to bend and distort, giving the illusion of water. Reflection, on the other hand, is the bouncing back of light waves from a surface, interference involves the superposition of two or more waves, and polarization is the orientation of light waves in a specific direction. Therefore, option B, refraction, is the correct answer in this case.

6. Lymphedema, a chronic condition, occurs when:

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: "Lymph vessels become blocked." Lymphedema is a chronic condition characterized by swelling due to the accumulation of lymph fluid. This occurs when lymph vessels become blocked, preventing the proper drainage of lymph fluid. Inflammation of lymph nodes (option A) is not the direct cause of lymphedema. The spleen malfunctioning (option C) and bone marrow production decreasing (option D) are not directly related to the development of lymphedema. Understanding the blockage of lymph vessels is crucial in comprehending the pathophysiology of lymphedema.

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