Nursing Elites

1. What is the difference between a prokaryotic cell and a eukaryotic cell?

• A. Prokaryotic cells have a nucleus, while eukaryotic cells do not
• B. Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus, while prokaryotic cells do not.
• C. Prokaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells do not.
• D. Eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles, while prokaryotic cells do not.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Rationale: - Prokaryotic cells are simpler and do not have a true nucleus. Their genetic material is located in the nucleoid region, which is not enclosed by a membrane. - Eukaryotic cells are more complex and have a true nucleus that houses the genetic material, enclosed within a nuclear membrane. - Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have organelles, but eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles such as mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi apparatus, while prokaryotic cells lack these membrane-bound organelles.

2. What is the name of the wart-like growths caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV)?

• A. Keloids
• B. Keloids
• C. Papillomas
• D. Carcinomas

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Papillomas.' Wart-like growths caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV) are known as papillomas. Keloids are raised scars that occur at the site of skin injury, while carcinomas are cancerous tumors. It is important to differentiate between these terms to accurately describe the specific condition caused by HPV. Papillomas can vary in appearance and may be found on the skin, genital area, or inside the mouth and throat.

3. Which of the following is NOT true about fossils?

• A. They can provide evidence for the order of appearance of different species
• B. They can be used to estimate the age of rocks and layers
• C. They can tell us about the behavior of extinct organisms
• D. They are always perfectly preserved

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Rationale: A) This statement is true. Fossils can provide evidence for the order of appearance of different species through the study of the fossil record. B) This statement is true. Fossils can be used to estimate the age of rocks and layers through relative dating methods such as stratigraphy and absolute dating methods like radiometric dating. C) This statement is true. Fossils can provide information about the behavior of extinct organisms through the study of their preserved remains and traces. D) This statement is NOT true. Fossils are not always perfectly preserved. In many cases, fossils are incomplete, fragmented, or altered over time due to geological processes. The level of preservation can vary depending on factors such as the type of organism, the environment in which it lived, and the processes involved in fossilization.

4. Which sentence uses the pronoun "they" correctly?

• A. Her friends told her they liked her new haircut.
• B. Sarah and I, they went to the movies.
• C. They gave the awards to whomever deserved them.
• D. The birds, they were singing in the trees.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Option A agrees with the closest noun, "friends."

5. Which of these organs is NOT involved in the production of digestive enzymes?

• A. Mouth
• B. Stomach
• C. Pancreas
• D. Small intestine

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Rationale: A) Mouth: The mouth is involved in the mechanical breakdown of food through chewing and the initiation of carbohydrate digestion by the enzyme amylase in saliva, but it does not produce digestive enzymes. B) Stomach: The stomach produces gastric juices containing enzymes like pepsin that help break down proteins. C) Pancreas: The pancreas produces various digestive enzymes such as amylase, lipase, and proteases that aid in the digestion of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. D) Small intestine: The small intestine produces enzymes such as peptidases, sucrase, lactase, and maltase that further break down proteins, carbohydrates, and fats for absorption. Therefore, the mouth is the organ that is NOT involved in the production of digestive enzymes.

6. Which type of brain wave activity is often seen during REM sleep, associated with dreaming?

• A. Delta waves
• B. Alpha waves
• C. Beta waves
• D. Theta waves

Correct answer: D

Rationale: During REM (rapid eye movement) sleep, the brain is highly active, and theta waves are the dominant brain wave pattern. Theta waves are associated with deep relaxation, creativity, and dreaming. Delta waves are typically seen in deep sleep stages, not during REM sleep. Alpha waves are present when we are awake but relaxed, while beta waves are associated with active thinking and concentration. Therefore, theta waves are the correct answer for brain wave activity during REM sleep.

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