Nursing Elites

1. What is the work done by a force of 20 N acting on an object that moves 5 meters in the direction of the force?

• A. 100 Joules (J)
• B. 25 Joules (J)
• C. 4 Joules (J)
• D. Work cannot be determined without knowing the object's mass.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Work is defined as the force applied multiplied by the distance moved in the direction of the force. Work = force x distance = 20 N x 5 m = 100 J.

2. Bile, stored in the gallbladder, aids in the digestion of:

• A. Carbohydrates
• B. Proteins
• C. Fats
• D. Vitamins

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: "Fats." Bile, produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder, plays a crucial role in the digestion and absorption of fats. When you consume fatty foods, bile is released into the small intestine to help break down the fats into smaller droplets, making it easier for enzymes to digest them. This process allows the body to absorb essential fatty acids and fat-soluble vitamins. Carbohydrates are mainly digested by enzymes like amylase in the mouth and small intestine, while proteins are broken down by enzymes like pepsin and trypsin. Vitamins are not directly digested by bile but are absorbed along with fats in the small intestine. Therefore, the correct answer is C, as bile aids in the digestion of fats.

3. What is the process of converting ammonia, a byproduct of protein digestion, into a less toxic form?

• A. Deamination
• B. Transamination
• C. Decarboxylation
• D. Hydrolysis

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Rationale: Deamination is the process of removing an amino group from a molecule, such as converting ammonia (NH3) into a less toxic form like urea. Ammonia is a byproduct of protein digestion and needs to be converted into a less toxic form to be excreted from the body. Deamination is a key step in this process, which occurs mainly in the liver through the urea cycle. Transamination involves the transfer of an amino group from one molecule to another, not the removal of an amino group as in deamination. Decarboxylation is the removal of a carboxyl group from a molecule, and hydrolysis is the breakdown of a compound by adding water.

4. Which type of carbohydrate is the main component of the cell wall in plant cells?

• A. Starch
• B. Glucose
• C. Cellulose
• D. Chitin

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Cellulose. Cellulose is a structural polysaccharide and the main component of the cell wall in plant cells. Starch, option A, is a storage polysaccharide found in plants, while glucose, option B, is a simple sugar and a basic unit of carbohydrates, not the main component of plant cell walls. Chitin, option D, is a structural polysaccharide found in the exoskeletons of arthropods and fungal cell walls, not in plant cell walls. Understanding the unique composition of plant cell walls helps in differentiating the types of carbohydrates present in various cellular structures.

5. The final sentence highlights the need for

• A. Public funding for scientific research and development of climate-friendly technologies.
• B. Individual lifestyle changes and responsible consumption habits to reduce carbon footprints.
• C. International partnerships and collaborative efforts to implement effective climate action plans.
• D. Educational campaigns raising awareness about the urgency of addressing climate change.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The emphasis on "international cooperation," "robust scientific research," and "adapting" suggests a focus on collaborative and multi-faceted solutions, aligning with C.

6. The sentence "The audience was captivated by the speaker's compelling story" implies that the audience:

• A. Was bored and disinterested.
• B. Found the story confusing.
• C. Was completely absorbed and engaged.
• D. Disagreed with the speaker's message.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: "Captivated" suggests the audience was completely held by the speaker's story.

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