Nursing Elites

1. The "fight-or-flight" response is triggered by the hormone released from the:

• A. Thyroid gland
• B. Adrenal glands
• C. Pituitary gland
• D. Pancreas

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Adrenal glands. The "fight-or-flight" response is a physiological reaction that occurs in response to a perceived threat or danger. When this response is triggered, the adrenal glands release adrenaline, also known as epinephrine, into the bloodstream. This hormone prepares the body for action by increasing heart rate, dilating airways, and redirecting blood flow to essential organs. The thyroid gland (option A) primarily regulates metabolism, the pituitary gland (option C) controls many other hormone glands, and the pancreas (option D) is responsible for regulating blood sugar levels through the production of insulin and glucagon, but they are not directly involved in the fight-or-flight response.

2. Which pattern of nursing care involves the care given by a group of paraprofessional workers

• A. Case method
• B. Modular nursing
• C. Nursing case management
• D. Team nursing

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'Case method.' The case method of nursing care involves the care provided by a group of paraprofessional workers, such as nursing assistants or aides, under the supervision of professional nurses. In this model, the nursing team works together to deliver care to a group of patients based on their specific needs and conditions. This method allows for efficient and coordinated care delivery, with each member of the team playing a crucial role in meeting the patients' healthcare needs. It is important for nurses to effectively delegate tasks and supervise paraprofessional workers in the case method model to ensure high-quality care and patient safety.

3. A baseball is thrown into the air. At the peak of its trajectory, which of the following forces is acting on the ball?

• A. Only gravitational force
• B. Only the force of air resistance
• C. Both gravitational force and the force of air resistance
• D. Neither gravitational force nor the force of air resistance

Correct answer: A

Rationale: At the peak, the ball momentarily stops moving upwards. Its inertia keeps it moving horizontally, but there is no force propelling it upwards except for gravity pulling it down.

4. What is a lifestyle practice that can weaken the immune system?

• A. Getting enough sleep
• B. Eating a balanced diet rich in fruits and vegetables
• C. Managing stress levels
• D. Frequent smoking

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Frequent smoking is a lifestyle practice that can weaken the immune system. Smoking has been linked to various health issues, including suppressing the immune system's ability to fight off infections and diseases. The chemicals in tobacco smoke can impair immune function, making smokers more susceptible to illnesses. On the other hand, getting enough sleep, eating a balanced diet rich in fruits and vegetables, and managing stress levels are practices that support a healthy immune system, rather than weaken it.

5. A birdbath has a hemispherical bowl with a diameter of 30cm. What is its volume?

• A. 675 cu cm
• B. 1350 cu cm
• C. 2700 cu cm
• D. 4050 cu cm

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Use half the formula for a sphere's volume: (2/3) * π * (radius)^3. Calculate the radius (15cm) and substitute: (2/3) * π * (15cm)^3 ≈ 2700 cu cm.

6. What happens when a protein unfolds?

• A. Activation
• B. Denaturation
• C. Renaturation
• D. Folding

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Rationale: - Activation (Option A) refers to the process of initiating or increasing the activity of a molecule, such as an enzyme. Protein unfolding does not involve activation. - Denaturation (Option B) is the correct answer. Denaturation refers to the process by which a protein loses its three-dimensional structure, leading to the disruption of its function. This can be caused by factors such as heat, pH changes, or chemicals. - Renaturation (Option C) is the process by which a denatured protein regains its native structure and function. Protein unfolding is the opposite of renaturation. - Folding (Option D) is the process by which a protein assumes its functional three-dimensional structure. Unfolding is the reverse process of folding, not folding itself.

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