ATI TEAS 7
Chemistry
1. Which of the following is a redox reaction?
- A. 2H2 + O2 → 2H2O
- B. Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2
- C. 2NaCl → 2Na + Cl2
- D. CH4 + 2O2 → CO2 + 2H2O
Correct answer: b
Rationale: The oxidation state of Zn changes from 0 to +2, indicating a redox reaction.
2. Vacuoles are large sacs for storage in plant cells. What is their main function in animal cells?
- A. Protein synthesis
- B. Waste storage and disposal
- C. Photosynthesis
- D. Cellular respiration
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Vacuoles in plant cells are primarily used for storage of water, nutrients, and waste products. In animal cells, vacuoles are smaller and serve various functions, including waste storage and disposal. Option B, 'Waste storage and disposal,' is the correct answer because vacuoles in animal cells help maintain cellular homeostasis by storing and breaking down waste materials. This process aids in detoxification and maintaining proper cellular function in animal cells, similar to the role of vacuoles in plant cells.
3. Which statement accurately describes the Linnaean system of classification?
- A. It focuses on evolutionary relationships between organisms
- B. It uses dichotomous keys for identification
- C. It groups organisms based on shared functions
- D. It emphasizes a hierarchical ranking system
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Rationale: The Linnaean system of classification, developed by Carl Linnaeus, is based on a hierarchical ranking system where organisms are grouped into categories based on shared characteristics. This system organizes organisms into a hierarchy of increasingly specific categories, from broad to narrow, such as kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species. This hierarchical approach allows for the systematic organization and classification of a wide variety of organisms based on their similarities and differences.
4. . Edema, characterized by swelling due to fluid buildup, can be a sign of:
- A. Heart failure
- B. Liver disease
- C. Lymphatic system dysfunction
- D. All of the above
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Edema, which is the accumulation of fluid in tissues leading to swelling, can be caused by various medical conditions. Heart failure can result in fluid retention due to the heart's inability to pump effectively, leading to edema. Liver disease can cause edema by impairing the liver's ability to produce proteins that help maintain fluid balance. Dysfunction of the lymphatic system can also lead to edema, as the lymphatic vessels play a crucial role in draining excess fluid from tissues. Therefore, all the options (heart failure, liver disease, and lymphatic system dysfunction) can contribute to the development of edema, making 'All of the above' the correct answer.
5. What is the muscular sac in the female body that nourishes and protects a developing fetus?
- A. Ovary
- B. Fallopian tube
- C. Uterus
- D. Vagina
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Uterus. The uterus is a muscular sac in the female body where a fertilized egg implants and develops into a fetus during pregnancy. It provides nourishment to the developing fetus and protects it throughout gestation. The ovaries produce eggs, the fallopian tubes transport eggs from the ovaries to the uterus, and the vagina is the canal leading from the uterus to the outside of the body. Therefore, the uterus is the specific organ responsible for nourishing and protecting a developing fetus in the female body.
6. Which statement accurately describes the electron cloud model of the atom?
- A. Electrons precisely orbit the nucleus in defined paths.
- B. Electrons occupy specific energy levels around the nucleus with varying probabilities.
- C. Electrons are clustered tightly within the nucleus.
- D. Electrons move randomly throughout the entire atom.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Electrons occupy specific energy levels around the nucleus with varying probabilities. The electron cloud model depicts electrons existing in distinct energy levels, not fixed orbits, with probabilities of finding them in specific regions.
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