TEAS 7 Biology: Master Key Concepts

ATI TEAS 7

Biology

1. What enzyme plays a key role in breaking down carbohydrates in the small intestine?

A. Pepsin
B. Lipase
C. Amylase
D. Trypsin

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Amylase, produced by the pancreas and salivary glands, breaks down carbohydrates into simple sugars like glucose.

2. The immune response can be categorized into two main branches:

A. Humoral and cellular
B. Innate and adaptive
C. Primary and secondary
D. Active and passive

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Rationale: - The immune response can be broadly categorized into two main branches: the humoral immune response and the cellular immune response. - The humoral immune response involves the production of antibodies by B cells and is primarily responsible for defending against extracellular pathogens such as bacteria and viruses in the bloodstream and tissues. - The cellular immune response involves the activation of T cells, which can directly kill infected cells or help coordinate the immune response. This branch is crucial for combating intracellular pathogens like viruses and some bacteria. - Options B, C, and D do not accurately represent the main branches of the immune response and are therefore incorrect.

3. What is the product of the complete combustion of propane (C3H8)?

A. CO2
B. CO
C. CH4
D. C

Correct answer: a

Rationale: Complete combustion of hydrocarbons produces carbon dioxide (CO2) and water.

4. The primary function of the placenta during pregnancy is to:

A. Produce insulin
B. Facilitate gas exchange between mother and fetus
C. Excrete waste products from the fetus
D. All of the above

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, 'All of the above.' The placenta serves multiple crucial functions during pregnancy. It facilitates gas exchange between the mother and fetus, ensuring the transfer of oxygen and nutrients while removing carbon dioxide and waste products. Additionally, the placenta produces hormones like insulin that help regulate the mother's metabolism and support the development of the fetus. Therefore, the placenta plays a vital role in maintaining a healthy environment for the growing fetus by providing essential nutrients, removing waste, and regulating hormonal balance.

5. Which digestive enzyme is primarily responsible for breaking down proteins?

A. Pepsin
B. Lipase
C. Amylase
D. Maltase

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Pepsin. Pepsin is primarily responsible for breaking down proteins in the stomach. It is an enzyme produced by the gastric chief cells in the stomach lining and works in a highly acidic environment to break down proteins into smaller peptide fragments. Lipase, on the other hand, is responsible for breaking down fats, amylase for breaking down carbohydrates, and maltase for breaking down maltose (a type of sugar). Therefore, pepsin is the correct enzyme involved in the digestion of proteins.