Nursing Elites

1. What is the term for the involuntary muscle contractions that move food through the digestive tract?

• A. Segmentation
• B. Peristalsis
• C. Chyme
• D. Emulsification

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Peristalsis. Peristalsis is the term used to describe the involuntary muscle contractions that help move food through the digestive tract. These rhythmic contractions occur in the smooth muscles of the digestive system and help propel food and other substances like chyme through the esophagus, stomach, and intestines. Segmentation, choice A, refers to the mixing movements in the intestines that aid in digestion but do not move food along the tract. Chyme, choice C, is the semi-fluid mass of partially digested food that moves from the stomach to the small intestine. Emulsification, choice D, is the process of breaking down fats into smaller droplets to aid in digestion, but it is not directly related to the movement of food through the digestive tract.

2. A solution is formed when:

• A. One substance dissolves in another
• B. Two or more substances react chemically
• C. A solid changes to a liquid
• D. None of the above

Correct answer: A

Rationale: One substance dissolves in another. A solution is a homogeneous mixture where one substance (solute) dissolves in another (solvent).

3. You need to fill a rectangular swimming pool with dimensions 10 meters by 5 meters and a depth of 2 meters. How many cubic meters of water does it take to fill the pool?

• A. 50 cu m
• B. 100 cu m
• C. 150 cu m
• D. 200 cu m

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Simply multiply the pool's dimensions to find its volume.

4. What is the coefficient of oxygen in the balanced chemical equation for the combustion of methane (CH4)?

• A. 1
• B. 2
• C. 3
• D. 4

Correct answer: b

Rationale: The balanced equation is CH4 + 2O2 → CO2 + 2H2O, so the coefficient of oxygen is 2.

5. What is the term for an organism with two different alleles for a gene?

• A. Homozygous
• B. Heterozygous
• C. Dominant
• D. Recessive

Correct answer: B

Rationale: An organism with two different alleles for a gene has a mixed genotype and may exhibit either the dominant or recessive trait depending on the specific gene and its alleles.

6. Ectopic pregnancy is a serious condition that occurs when a fertilized egg implants outside the uterus. What is the most common location for an ectopic pregnancy?

• A. Ovary
• B. Fallopian tube
• C. Cervix
• D. Vagina

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Fallopian tube. The fallopian tube is the most common location for an ectopic pregnancy to occur. This is because the fertilized egg typically gets stuck or implants in the fallopian tube instead of traveling to the uterus for normal implantation. If left untreated, an ectopic pregnancy in the fallopian tube can lead to serious complications such as tubal rupture and internal bleeding. The other options (ovary, cervix, vagina) are not typical sites for implantation of a fertilized egg and are less likely to result in an ectopic pregnancy.

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