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Nursing Elites

ATI TEAS 7

Biology

1. What are the finger-like projections that increase the surface area for absorption in the small intestine called?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: A) Crypts of Lieberkühn are small pits in the lining of the small intestine that contain cells involved in the production of intestinal juices, but they do not increase the surface area for absorption. B) Goblet cells are specialized cells that secrete mucus to protect the lining of the digestive tract, but they do not increase the surface area for absorption. C) Villi are finger-like projections in the small intestine that increase the surface area available for nutrient absorption. Each villus contains blood vessels and lacteals (lymphatic vessels) that help absorb nutrients from digested food. D) Paneth cells are specialized cells found in the small intestine that secrete antimicrobial substances, but they do not increase the surface area for absorption.

2. A decorative box has a rectangular base (20cm by 15cm) and a hemispherical top with the same diameter as the base. What is the total surface area of the box (excluding the base)?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Calculate the surface area of the lateral sides and the hemisphere, then add them up.

3. A rocket engine expels hot gases backwards. What principle explains the rocket's forward motion?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The hot gases expelled backwards exert a force on the rocket in the opposite direction (forward), propelling it upwards according to the action-reaction principle.

4. What are the different types of electromagnetic waves based on their wavelengths and frequencies?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Electromagnetic waves are classified based on their wavelengths and frequencies. Visible light, X-rays, radio waves, and gamma rays are all examples of electromagnetic waves with different wavelengths and frequencies. Sound waves, water waves, seismic waves, and shock waves are not electromagnetic waves but rather mechanical waves. Longitudinal waves, transverse waves, mechanical waves, and non-mechanical waves are classifications based on the direction of particle displacement and do not represent types of electromagnetic waves.

5. What is the difference between mass and weight?

Correct answer: b

Rationale: Mass is the amount of matter in an object, while weight is the force exerted on an object due to gravity.

6. The hormone responsible for regulating blood sugar levels is produced by the:

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Pancreas. The hormone responsible for regulating blood sugar levels is insulin, which is produced by the pancreas. Insulin helps to lower blood sugar levels by allowing cells to take in glucose from the bloodstream. The pituitary gland (A) is known for producing various hormones that regulate other endocrine glands, while the thyroid gland (B) produces hormones that regulate metabolism. The adrenal glands (D) produce hormones such as cortisol and adrenaline, but they are not primarily responsible for regulating blood sugar levels.

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