Nursing Elites

1. In the reaction 2Na + 2H2O → 2NaOH + H2, what is the limiting reactant when 3 moles of sodium react with 2 moles of water?

• A. Na
• B. H2O
• C. NaOH
• D. H2

Correct answer: a

Rationale: Sodium is the limiting reactant because it runs out first in a 1:1 ratio with water.

2. What are the white blood cells responsible for coordinating the immune response called?

• A. Red blood cells
• B. Platelets
• C. Lymphocytes
• D. Neutrophils

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: "Lymphocytes." Lymphocytes are a type of white blood cell that plays a crucial role in coordinating the immune response. There are two main types of lymphocytes: B cells, which produce antibodies to target pathogens, and T cells, which directly attack infected cells. Neutrophils (option D) are another type of white blood cell involved in the immune response by engulfing and destroying pathogens. Red blood cells (option A) are responsible for carrying oxygen to body tissues, while platelets (option B) are involved in blood clotting. Therefore, lymphocytes are specifically responsible for coordinating the immune response, making them the correct answer to this question.

3. What is the scientific name for the building blocks of proteins?

• A. Residues
• B. Monomers
• C. Macromolecules
• D. Peptides

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Rationale: - Proteins are made up of long chains of amino acids. - Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins and are considered monomers. - Monomers are the individual units that can be linked together to form larger molecules called polymers. - In the context of proteins, amino acids are the monomers that are linked together through peptide bonds to form polypeptide chains, which then fold into functional proteins. - Residues refer to the specific amino acids within a protein after certain modifications or cleavages have occurred, so it is not the correct term for the building blocks of proteins. - Macromolecules are large molecules made up of smaller subunits, such as proteins, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates, but they are not the specific building blocks of proteins. - Peptides are short chains of amino acids linked by peptide bonds, but they are not the fundamental building blocks of proteins.

4. Where does fertilization, the fusion of sperm and egg, typically occur in the human body?

• A. Ovary
• B. Uterus
• C. Fallopian tube
• D. Vagina

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Fallopian tube. Fertilization, the fusion of sperm and egg, typically occurs in the fallopian tube. After ovulation, the egg is released from the ovary and travels through the fallopian tube where it may encounter sperm for fertilization. The fertilized egg then moves to the uterus for implantation and development. The ovary releases the egg but fertilization occurs in the fallopian tube, making it the correct answer.

5. What is the relationship between the speed of a wave, its frequency, and wavelength in a given medium?

• A. Speed = Frequency × Wavelength
• B. Speed = Frequency ÷ Wavelength
• C. Speed = Frequency + Wavelength
• D. Speed = Frequency - Wavelength

Correct answer: a

Rationale: In a given medium, the speed of a wave equals the product of its frequency and wavelength.

6. Which blood vessels carry deoxygenated blood from the body back to the right atrium of the heart?

• A. Arteries
• B. Veins
• C. Capillaries
• D. Venules

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Veins. Veins are the blood vessels that carry deoxygenated blood from the body back to the heart. Arteries carry oxygenated blood away from the heart, while capillaries are tiny blood vessels where exchange of gases and nutrients occurs. Venules are small blood vessels that collect blood from capillaries and carry it to veins. Understanding the role of veins in carrying deoxygenated blood is crucial for comprehending the circulatory system and how blood is circulated throughout the body.

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