Nursing Elites

1. How many moles of water are produced when 0.5 moles of methane (CH4) react with excess oxygen?

• A. 0.5 moles
• B. 1 mole
• C. 2 moles
• D. 3 moles

Correct answer: c

Rationale: The balanced equation is CH4 + 2O2 → CO2 + 2H2O, indicating a 1:2 ratio between CH4 and H2O.

2. What phenomenon occurs when a wave encounters a change in medium causing a change in its speed and direction?

• A. Refraction
• B. Reflection
• C. Diffraction
• D. Interference

Correct answer: a

Rationale: Refraction happens when a wave changes its speed and direction due to encountering a change in medium.

3. Which of the following joints allows for side-to-side bending movements?

• A. Hinge joint
• B. Ball-and-socket joint
• C. Gliding joint
• D. Saddle joint

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Gliding joint. Gliding joints are found where the bones meet and allow for limited side-to-side and back-and-forth movements. These joints have flat or slightly curved surfaces that glide against each other, enabling smooth motion in multiple directions. Hinge joints (A) allow for movement in one plane like a door hinge, ball-and-socket joints (B) allow for a wide range of motion in multiple directions, and saddle joints (D) allow for back-and-forth and side-to-side movements but are primarily designed for flexion and extension like the joint at the base of the thumb.

4. What is the tough, fibrous tissue that connects bones at joints called?

• A. Cartilage
• B. Ligaments
• C. Tendons
• D. Fascia

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ligaments. Ligaments are the tough, fibrous tissue that connects bones at joints. They provide stability and support to the joints, preventing excessive movement that could result in injury. Cartilage is a smooth, rubbery tissue that covers the ends of bones and cushions joints. Tendons are fibrous cords that attach muscles to bones, allowing for movement. Fascia is a connective tissue that surrounds muscles, groups of muscles, blood vessels, and nerves, providing support and protection. Therefore, in this case, the term that specifically refers to the tissue connecting bones at joints is ligaments.

5. When she presents the nursing procedures to be followed, she refers to what type of

• A. Process
• B. Outcome
• C. Structure
• D. Criteria

Correct answer: D

Rationale: In this scenario, the person is referring to the specific standards or benchmarks that must be met when presenting nursing procedures, which aligns with the definition of 'criteria'. Criteria are the established principles or requirements that serve as a reference point for evaluation or judgment. It is essential for healthcare professionals to adhere to specific criteria when performing procedures to ensure quality care. The other options, such as 'process', 'outcome', and 'structure', do not directly relate to the standards or benchmarks being referenced in this context.

6. Which of the following guidelines should be least considered in formulating objectives for

• A. Written nursing care plan
• B. Holistic approach
• C. Prescribed standards
• D. Staff preferences

Correct answer: D

Rationale: When formulating objectives for a written nursing care plan, staff preferences should be the least considered guideline. Objectives in a care plan should be based on the patient's needs, evidence-based practices, and prescribed standards of care to ensure quality and effective treatment. Staff preferences may introduce biased decisions that do not align with the best interests of the patient. It is crucial to prioritize holistic care, which considers all aspects of the patient's well-being, and adhere to prescribed standards to provide comprehensive and individualized care. By disregarding staff preferences and focusing on what is best for the patient, healthcare professionals can deliver optimal care that promotes patient outcomes and satisfaction.

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