1. What is the function of the pericardium, the sac surrounding the heart?

A. o generate electrical impulses for heart contraction
B. To transport blood throughout the body
C. To provide lubrication for heart movement
D. To protect the heart and anchor it in place

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The pericardium, the sac surrounding the heart, serves primarily to protect the heart and anchor it in place. It acts as a protective barrier against external infections or damage and helps to maintain the heart's position within the chest cavity. Additionally, the pericardium also provides some degree of shock absorption to minimize physical trauma to the heart. While the heart's electrical impulses for contraction originate from within the heart itself and are not generated by the pericardium, it does not play a role in directly generating these impulses. Therefore, option D, 'To protect the heart and anchor it in place,' is the correct function of the pericardium.

2. Which hormone primarily triggers ovulation in the female menstrual cycle?

A. Estrogen
B. Progesterone
C. Luteinizing hormone (LH)
D. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Luteinizing hormone (LH). LH is the hormone responsible for triggering ovulation in the female menstrual cycle. During the menstrual cycle, LH surge occurs around day 14, which stimulates the release of a mature egg from the ovary. This surge in LH is crucial for the rupture of the mature follicle and the release of the egg, marking the onset of ovulation. Estrogen and progesterone play important roles in regulating the menstrual cycle, but LH specifically triggers ovulation by signaling the release of the egg from the ovary.

3. What is the scientific name for the tear gland?

A. Lachrymal gland
B. Lacrimal sac
C. Lacrimal duct
D. Lacrimal papilla

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The lachrymal gland is the almond-shaped gland located above each eye, responsible for producing tears. Tears are a complex mixture of water, electrolytes, proteins, and other substances that help lubricate and protect the eyes from dryness and irritation.

4. What is the main function of dietary fiber in the digestive system?

A. To provide energy
B. To break down fats
C. To promote gut bacteria growth
D. To aid in absorption of nutrients

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: Dietary fiber refers to the indigestible portion of plant foods that passes relatively intact through the digestive system. While fiber does not provide energy directly to the body, it plays a crucial role in promoting the growth of beneficial gut bacteria. These bacteria help in the fermentation of fiber, producing short-chain fatty acids that can be used as an energy source by the body. Additionally, fiber helps regulate bowel movements, maintain gut health, and support overall digestive function. Therefore, the main function of dietary fiber in the digestive system is to promote gut bacteria growth.

5. What is the formula to calculate work?

A. Work = Force Ãƒâ€” Distance
B. Work = Mass Ãƒâ€” Velocity
C. Work = Power Ãƒâ€” Time
D. Work = Energy ÃƒÂ· Time

Correct answer: a

Rationale: Work is calculated by multiplying force exerted on an object by the distance the object moves in the direction of the force.

6. What is a contraceptive method that uses hormones to prevent ovulation?

A. Spermicide
B. Barrier method (condom, diaphragm)
C. Combined oral contraceptive pill
D. Intrauterine device (IUD)

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Combined oral contraceptive pill. This method uses hormones, such as estrogen and progestin, to prevent ovulation, thicken cervical mucus to block sperm, and thin the uterine lining to prevent implantation of a fertilized egg. Spermicide (A) is a chemical that kills sperm but does not prevent ovulation. Barrier methods (B) like condoms and diaphragms physically block sperm from reaching the egg. Intrauterine devices (IUDs) (D) are inserted into the uterus and work by either releasing hormones or creating a barrier to prevent fertilization, but they do not specifically target ovulation.