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Nursing Elites

ATI TEAS 7

Chemistry

1. Which element is found in water and is crucial for biological functions like nerve impulses and muscle contraction?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Sodium plays a key role in maintaining electrolyte balance and transmitting nerve impulses, affecting both muscles and nerves

2. Which of the following describes the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'Prokaryotic cells have a nucleus, while eukaryotic cells don't.' Prokaryotic cells lack a membrane-bound nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells have a true nucleus enclosed within a nuclear membrane. This distinction is a fundamental difference between the two cell types. Choice B is incorrect because eukaryotic cells are actually more complex than prokaryotic cells due to their membrane-bound organelles. Choice C is incorrect because prokaryotic cells lack membrane-bound organelles. Choice D is incorrect because eukaryotic cells have both a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, unlike prokaryotic cells. Understanding this key difference is crucial in understanding the diversity of cell types in living organisms.

3. What property of a wave is measured in Hertz (Hz)?

Correct answer: d

Rationale: Frequency, the number of oscillations per second, is measured in Hertz (Hz).

4. Choose the correct pronoun to complete the sentence: "Neither Michael nor Sarah ____ their homework finished yet."

Correct answer: B

Rationale: When referring to "neither" followed by two subjects, the verb agrees with the plural subject ("Sarah"). So, "have" is the correct answer.

5. Why are isotopes of the same element chemically similar?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: They have the same number of protons. This determines the element's identity and its interactions with other elements, leading to similar chemical behavior, even if the number of neutrons differs.

6. During vigorous exercise, the respiratory rate increases to:

Correct answer: A

Rationale: During vigorous exercise, the respiratory rate increases to meet the increased demand for oxygen in working muscles. When we exercise vigorously, our muscles require more oxygen to produce energy through aerobic metabolism. Increasing the respiratory rate allows more oxygen to be taken in and transported to the muscles via the bloodstream to support this increased demand. Option A is correct because it accurately reflects the physiological response of the respiratory system to vigorous exercise, ensuring that working muscles receive sufficient oxygen for optimal performance.

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