Nursing Elites

1. The process by which one element changes into another through radioactive decay is known as:

• A. Transmutation
• B. Fission
• C. Fusion
• D. Oxidation

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Transmutation - Radioactive decay alters the atomic structure, changing the element's identity (transmutation).

2. When water boils, it changes from a liquid to a gas. This is an example of a:

• A. Chemical reaction
• B. Physical change
• C. Nuclear reaction
• D. Biological process

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Physical change - Boiling water involves a change in state, not the chemical composition of the molecules. Chemical reactions involve breaking and forming new bonds, which is not the case here.

3. What property of a substance refers to its ability to undergo a chemical change and form new substances?

• A. Density
• B. Mass
• C. Reactivity
• D. Volume

Correct answer: c

Rationale: Reactivity refers to a substance's ability to undergo a chemical change or reaction, forming new substances with different properties.

4. What is the term for the number of moles of solute per liter of solution?

• A. Molarity
• B. Molality
• C. Normality
• D. Concentration

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Molarity is defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. The other choices are different concentration units.

5. Ms. Castro learns that some leaders are transactional leaders. Which of the following does

• A. Focuses on management tasks
• B. Is a caretaker
• C. Uses trade-offs to meet goals
• D. Inspires others with vision

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Uses trade-offs to meet goals.' Transactional leaders focus on the exchange or transaction that occurs between them and their followers. They set clear expectations and goals for their followers and use rewards and punishments to motivate them. This approach involves making trade-offs to achieve desired outcomes, such as rewarding employees for meeting targets or penalizing them for not meeting expectations. Options A and B do not directly relate to transactional leadership, as it is more about goal achievement and motivation through rewards and punishments. Option D describes a transformational leader, who inspires and motivates others through a shared vision and values, which is different from the transactional leadership style described in the question.

6. The moon-shaped white structures at the base of fingernails are called:

• A. Lunulae
• B. Cuticle
• C. Hyponychium
• D. Matrix

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, "Lunulae." The moon-shaped white structures at the base of fingernails are called lunulae. These are most visible on the thumb and are the visible part of the nail matrix. The lunulae appear white because the nail matrix underneath is not visible due to its thickness. Cuticle (B) refers to the thin layer of skin at the base of the nail, hyponychium (C) is the skin located under the free edge of the nail, and matrix (D) is the tissue at the base of the nail where growth occurs. Therefore, the correct term for the moon-shaped white structures is lunulae.

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