Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following is an example of a salt?

• A. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
• B. Hydrochloric acid (HCl)
• C. Sodium chloride (NaCl)
• D. Sulfuric acid (Hâ‚‚SOâ‚„)

Correct answer: c

Rationale: Sodium chloride is an example of a salt. The other choices are either bases or acids.

2. What mineral is essential for muscle function and nerve transmission?

• A. Calcium
• B. Iron
• C. Sodium
• D. Potassium

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Calcium. Calcium is essential for muscle function and nerve transmission. Muscles require calcium to contract properly, and nerve cells use calcium ions to transmit signals throughout the body. Without an adequate amount of calcium, muscle cramps and nerve dysfunction can occur. Iron is important for oxygen transport in the blood, sodium and potassium are electrolytes important for fluid balance and nerve function, but they are not primarily responsible for muscle function and nerve transmission like calcium.

3. What is the largest part of the brain and is responsible for higher functions like thinking, memory, and learning?

• A. Brainstem
• B. Cerebellum
• C. Cerebrum
• D. Thalamus

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Cerebrum. The cerebrum is the largest part of the brain and is responsible for higher functions like thinking, memory, and learning. It is divided into two hemispheres (left and right) and is associated with intelligence, creativity, reasoning, and problem-solving abilities. The brainstem (option A) is responsible for basic life functions like breathing and heart rate. The cerebellum (option B) is involved in coordination and balance. The thalamus (option D) acts as a relay station for sensory information. Therefore, the cerebrum is the most appropriate choice for the part of the brain responsible for higher cognitive functions.

4. What is the meaning of the idiom "to bite off more than one can chew"?

• A. To be overly confident
• B. To take on more than one can handle
• C. To be easily discouraged
• D. To be meticulous in planning

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The idiom warns against undertaking a task exceeding one's capabilities.

5. One staff suggests that they review the pattern of nursing care that they are using, which is

• A. job description
• B. system used to deliver care
• C. manual of procedure
• D. rules to be followed

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'system used to deliver care.' When a staff member suggests reviewing the pattern of nursing care being used, they are referring to the overall system or method in place for delivering care to patients. This includes the processes, protocols, and techniques used to provide nursing care. It goes beyond just following a job description, manual of procedure, or rules. By evaluating and potentially revising the system used to deliver care, staff can ensure that best practices are in place to provide high-quality and effective care to patients.

6. The energy released in nuclear fusion originates from:

• A. The fission of heavy nuclei
• B. The binding energy released during the fusion of light nuclei
• C. Electronic transitions within atoms
• D. Matter-antimatter annihilation

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'The binding energy released during the fusion of light nuclei.' Nuclear fusion is the process where light nuclei combine to form a heavier nucleus, releasing energy in the form of binding energy. This energy comes from the conversion of mass into energy as per Einstein's famous equation E=mc^2. In contrast, option A refers to nuclear fission, where heavy nuclei split into lighter nuclei, releasing energy. Option C is related to atomic energy levels, and option D involves the complete conversion of matter into energy, not specific to nuclear fusion. Therefore, the energy released in nuclear fusion originates from the binding energy released during the fusion of light nuclei.

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