Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following is an example of a salt?

• A. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
• B. Hydrochloric acid (HCl)
• C. Sodium chloride (NaCl)
• D. Sulfuric acid (Hâ‚‚SOâ‚„)

Correct answer: c

Rationale: Sodium chloride is an example of a salt. The other choices are either bases or acids.

2. The muscular tube that connects the mouth to the stomach is called the:

• A. Pharynx
• B. Esophagus
• C. Trachea
• D. Larynx

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Esophagus. The esophagus is the muscular tube that connects the mouth to the stomach. It plays a crucial role in transporting food from the mouth to the stomach through peristaltic movements. The pharynx is the part of the throat that connects the mouth and nasal cavity to the esophagus and trachea. The trachea, also known as the windpipe, is responsible for carrying air to and from the lungs. The larynx, commonly known as the voice box, is involved in producing sound and protecting the trachea during swallowing. Therefore, the esophagus is specifically responsible for food transport from the mouth to the stomach.

3. The author's attitude towards history seems to be

• A. indifferent and neutral, presenting it as an objective field of study.
• B. critical and dismissive, questioning its practical applicability in the present.
• C. enthusiastic and optimistic, highlighting its potential to guide the future.
• D. pessimistic and cautious, emphasizing the risk of repeating past mistakes.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The passage's overall tone highlights the value and utility of history, showcasing its potential to inspire and guide us, suggesting an optimistic and encouraging view.

4. In the reaction 4Al + 3O2 → 2Al2O3, what is the mole ratio of aluminum to oxygen?

• A. 4:3
• B. 2:3
• C. 3:2
• D. 3:4

Correct answer: a

Rationale: The coefficients in the balanced equation represent the mole ratio, which is 4 moles of Al to 3 moles of O2.

5. The fluid-filled, jelly-like substance within the cell that suspends the organelles is called the:

• A. Nucleus
• B. Cytoplasm
• C. Plasma membrane
• D. Golgi apparatus

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Cytoplasm. Cytoplasm is the fluid-filled, jelly-like substance within the cell that suspends the organelles. It is where many cellular processes take place, such as metabolism and protein synthesis. The nucleus (option A) is the organelle that contains the cell's genetic material, the plasma membrane (option C) is the outer boundary of the cell that regulates what enters and exits the cell, and the Golgi apparatus (option D) is involved in processing and packaging proteins. Understanding the functions of each organelle is crucial in recognizing that the cytoplasm is the correct answer in this context.

6. What is the name for the flexible connection between bones at the wrist or ankle?

• A. Ligament
• B. Tendon
• C. Fascia
• D. Synovial joint

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Ligament. Ligaments are fibrous connective tissues that connect bones to other bones, providing stability and support to joints. In the context of the wrist or ankle, ligaments play a crucial role in maintaining the structural integrity of these joints and preventing excessive movement that could lead to injury. Tendons (option B) connect muscles to bones, fascia (option C) is a connective tissue that surrounds muscles and other structures, and synovial joint (option D) refers to a type of joint that allows for movement. Therefore, the flexible connection between bones at the wrist or ankle is best described as a ligament.

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