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Nursing Elites

ATI TEAS 7

Chemistry

1. Which of the following is an example of a salt?

Correct answer: c

Rationale: Sodium chloride is an example of a salt. The other choices are either bases or acids.

2. Which of the following statements is true regarding a supersaturated solution?

Correct answer: a

Rationale: Supersaturated solutions are unstable and tend to crystallize if disturbed. The other choices do not accurately describe supersaturated solutions.

3. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) helps the kidneys regulate:

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Urine output by controlling water reabsorption.' Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is released by the pituitary gland and acts on the kidneys to regulate water reabsorption. When ADH levels are high, the kidneys reabsorb more water, leading to concentrated urine and decreased urine output. This helps maintain the body's water balance and prevent dehydration. While ADH indirectly influences blood pressure by regulating blood volume, its primary function is to control water balance, not acid-base balance. Therefore, the correct answer is C.

4. Saliva contains an enzyme that breaks down carbohydrates. What is the name of this enzyme?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Amylase. Saliva contains the enzyme amylase, which is responsible for breaking down carbohydrates into simpler sugars like maltose and glucose. Pepsin (A) is an enzyme found in the stomach that breaks down proteins. Lipase (C) is an enzyme that breaks down fats, and trypsin (D) is another enzyme that breaks down proteins, but both of these are not found in saliva. Knowing the function of amylase in saliva helps in the digestion of carbohydrates, making it the correct answer.

5. Which type of brain wave activity is often seen during REM sleep, associated with dreaming?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: During REM (rapid eye movement) sleep, the brain is highly active, and theta waves are the dominant brain wave pattern. Theta waves are associated with deep relaxation, creativity, and dreaming. Delta waves are typically seen in deep sleep stages, not during REM sleep. Alpha waves are present when we are awake but relaxed, while beta waves are associated with active thinking and concentration. Therefore, theta waves are the correct answer for brain wave activity during REM sleep.

6. Square: A garden bed has a side length of 8 meters. What is its perimeter?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Since all sides are equal, multiply the side length by 4: perimeter = 4 * side length = 4 * 8m = 32m.

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