ATI TEAS 7
Chemistry
1. Which of the following is an example of a salt?
- A. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
- B. Hydrochloric acid (HCl)
- C. Sodium chloride (NaCl)
- D. Sulfuric acid (Hâ‚‚SOâ‚„)
Correct answer: c
Rationale: Sodium chloride is an example of a salt. The other choices are either bases or acids.
2. What property of a substance refers to its ability to undergo a chemical change and form new substances with different properties?
- A. Density
- B. Mass
- C. Reactivity
- D. Volume
Correct answer: c
Rationale: Reactivity refers to a substance's ability to undergo a chemical change or reaction, forming new substances with different properties.
3. Describe the ethical considerations surrounding the potential use of CRISPR-Cas9 technology in humans.
- A. Concerns about unintended consequences on the genome and potential off-target effects.
- B. Debates on modifying the human germline and potential eugenic implications.
- C. Accessibility and affordability of the technology, ensuring equitable access to benefits.
- D. Risks associated with CRISPR-Cas9 editing germline cells and potential long-term impacts.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: CRISPR-Cas9's ability to precisely edit germline cells raises ethical dilemmas about modifying the human gene pool. This includes concerns about eugenics, unintended consequences, and the long-term impact on future generations.
4. What is the term for the reaction between an acid and a base to produce water and a salt?
- A. Combustion
- B. Neutralization
- C. Oxidation
- D. Decomposition
Correct answer: b
Rationale: Neutralization is the reaction between an acid and a base to produce water and a salt. The other choices do not accurately describe neutralization.
5. A news article claims a scientist has discovered a cure for cancer. How should you approach this information?
- A. Celebrate the breakthrough and immediately share the news with everyone.
- B. Remain skeptical and wait for independent verification and further research.
- C. Dismiss the claim as impossible without any further investigation.
- D. Accept the information as fact because it was published in a news article.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence. It's essential to wait for scientific consensus and verification before accepting such groundbreaking claims.
6. The K-capture process, a type of electron capture, involves the capture of an electron from which electron shell:
- A. The outermost s-orbital
- B. An inner p-orbital
- C. An inner d-orbital
- D. Any available electron shell
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The K-capture process involves the capture of an electron from the innermost electron shell, known as the K-shell. The K-shell is represented by the outermost s-orbital in an atom's electron configuration. When an electron from the K-shell is captured, it results in the transition of a proton to a neutron in the nucleus, thereby changing the atomic number of the element. Therefore, option A, 'The outermost s-orbital,' is the correct answer as it accurately describes the electron shell involved in the K-capture process.
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