TEAS Physics: Key Concepts for Exam Success

ATI TEAS 7

Physics

1. What is the difference between heat and temperature?

A. They are the same thing.
B. Heat is a form of energy, while temperature measures the average kinetic energy of particles.
C. Heat flows from cold to hot, while temperature flows from hot to cold.
D. Heat is measured in Celsius, while temperature is measured in Joules.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Heat is a form of energy transfer, while temperature reflects the average kinetic energy of particles within a substance.

2. B cells in the immune system are responsible for:

A. Directly attacking and engulfing pathogens
B. Producing antibodies specific to a pathogen
C. Destroying infected body cells
D. All of the above

Correct answer: B

Rationale: B cells in the immune system are responsible for producing antibodies specific to a pathogen. This is because B cells are a type of white blood cell that play a crucial role in the adaptive immune response. When a B cell encounters a specific pathogen, it differentiates into plasma cells that produce antibodies targeted against that particular pathogen. These antibodies then tag the pathogen for destruction by other immune cells. B cells do not directly attack and engulf pathogens like phagocytes, nor do they destroy infected body cells like cytotoxic T cells. Therefore, option B is the correct answer as it accurately reflects the primary function of B cells in the immune system.

3. The urethra is the tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body. How does urine flow through the urethra?

A. Continuously
B. Only when the bladder is completely full
C. Under voluntary control of sphincter muscles
D. A combination of b) and c)

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: "Under voluntary control of sphincter muscles." The urethra is the tube responsible for carrying urine from the bladder to the outside of the body. Urine flow through the urethra is not continuous but rather under voluntary control. The sphincter muscles, located at the opening of the bladder and urethra, help control the release of urine. This control allows individuals to regulate when and where they empty their bladder, providing a mechanism to prevent involuntary leakage of urine. Therefore, option C accurately describes how urine flows through the urethra.

4. Which of the following joints allows for side-to-side bending movements?

A. Hinge joint
B. Ball-and-socket joint
C. Gliding joint
D. Saddle joint

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Gliding joint. Gliding joints are found where the bones meet and allow for limited side-to-side and back-and-forth movements. These joints have flat or slightly curved surfaces that glide against each other, enabling smooth motion in multiple directions. Hinge joints (A) allow for movement in one plane like a door hinge, ball-and-socket joints (B) allow for a wide range of motion in multiple directions, and saddle joints (D) allow for back-and-forth and side-to-side movements but are primarily designed for flexion and extension like the joint at the base of the thumb.

5. Nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream through which part of the digestive system?

A. Stomach
B. Large intestine
C. Small intestine
D. Esophagus

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Small intestine. The small intestine is where most of the absorption of nutrients takes place in the digestive system. Its inner lining is covered with tiny finger-like projections called villi, which increase the surface area for absorption. Nutrients such as carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals are absorbed into the bloodstream through the walls of the small intestine. The stomach primarily helps with the initial digestion of food, the large intestine absorbs water and salts, and the esophagus is the tube that carries food from the mouth to the stomach. Therefore, the small intestine is the main site of nutrient absorption in the digestive system.