Nursing Elites

1. Which type of waves travel by causing particles in the medium to vibrate parallel to the direction of wave travel?

• A. Transverse waves
• B. Longitudinal waves
• C. Surface waves
• D. Electromagnetic waves

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Longitudinal waves are waves in which the particles of the medium vibrate parallel to the direction of wave travel. This type of wave is characterized by compressions and rarefactions in the medium, where the particles move back and forth in the same direction as the wave. Transverse waves, on the other hand, cause particles to vibrate perpendicular to the direction of wave travel. Surface waves are a combination of both longitudinal and transverse motion, while electromagnetic waves do not require a medium and can travel through a vacuum.

2. What is the unit of force in the SI system?

• A. Newton (N)
• B. Kilogram (kg)
• C. Meter (m)
• D. Second (s)

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Force is measured in Newtons, named after Isaac Newton who formulated the laws of motion.

3. She takes pride in saying that the hospital has a decentralized structure. Which of the

• A. Flat organization
• B. Participatory approach
• C. Shared governance
• D. Tall organization

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Participatory approach.' In a decentralized structure, decision-making authority is dispersed throughout the organization rather than being concentrated at the top. A participatory approach involves employees at all levels having a say in decisions that affect their work, fostering collaboration and empowerment. This contrasts with a tall organization, which has many layers of management and a more centralized decision-making process. While shared governance can involve decentralized decision-making, it specifically refers to a model where nurses and other healthcare professionals have a voice in shaping policies and practices within their organization, which is not necessarily the same as a decentralized structure.

4. What is the difference between mass and weight?

• A. Mass is the force exerted on an object due to gravity, whereas weight is the amount of matter in an object.
• B. Mass is a measure of inertia, whereas weight is a measure of the force of gravity acting on an object.
• C. Mass is measured in pounds, whereas weight is measured in kilograms.
• D. Mass is a vector quantity, whereas weight is a scalar quantity.

Correct answer: b

Rationale: Mass is the amount of matter in an object, while weight is the force exerted on an object due to gravity.

5. Which of the following statements about prions is TRUE?

• A. They are composed of proteins only
• B. They are easily destroyed by common disinfectants
• C. hey are a type of antibiotic
• D. They are a live organism

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Rationale: A) This statement is true. Prions are infectious agents composed entirely of protein, lacking nucleic acids such as DNA or RNA. They are known for causing neurodegenerative diseases in animals and humans. B) This statement is false. Prions are not easily destroyed by common disinfectants due to their unique structure and resistance to conventional sterilization methods. C) This statement is false. Prions are not a type of antibiotic. They are a distinct class of infectious agents. D) This statement is false. Prions are not live organisms but rather misfolded proteins that can induce abnormal folding in normal proteins, leading to disease.

6. A hypothesis should be:

• A. A definitive statement of fact based on existing knowledge.
• B. A testable prediction based on observations and reasoning.
• C. A broad question without any specific direction or focus.
• D. A personal belief or opinion not requiring further investigation.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Hypotheses guide scientific exploration by providing a framework for testing potential explanations.

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