Nursing Elites

1. The main idea of the passage is that

• A. history solely teaches us about past events and has no relevance to the present.
• B. understanding history is crucial for comprehending current trends and shaping the future.
• C. historical knowledge is merely an interesting collection of facts with no practical value.
• D. learning from history requires solely focusing on its successes and ignoring its failures.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Choice B accurately captures the passage's emphasis on history's multifaceted impact, providing insights into the present and potential visions for the future.

2. Deuterium, a stable isotope of hydrogen, has a nucleus containing:

• A. A single proton
• B. A proton and a neutron
• C. Two protons and an electron
• D. Two neutrons

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'A proton and a neutron.' Deuterium is an isotope of hydrogen with an atomic number of 1, meaning it has 1 proton in its nucleus. However, deuterium also has a neutron in its nucleus, making it different from regular hydrogen which only has a proton in its nucleus. Therefore, deuterium has a nucleus containing both a proton and a neutron, making option B the correct choice.

3. The formula for calculating heart rate is HR = (220 - age) * 0.65. If a patient's heart rate is 136.5, what is their age?

• A. 30
• B. 40
• C. 50
• D. 60

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Rearrange the formula to solve for age: age = 220 - (HR / 0.65). Substitute the heart rate (136.5) to get 40 years old.

4. What is the term for a repetitive, involuntary muscle contraction that can cause pain and stiffness?

• A. Cramp
• B. Spasm
• C. Tic
• D. Fibrosis

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Spasm.' A spasm is a sudden, involuntary muscle contraction that can cause pain and stiffness. Cramps are a type of spasm characterized by intense, localized pain and temporary muscle tightness. Tics are repetitive, involuntary movements or vocalizations. Fibrosis refers to the formation of excess fibrous connective tissue in an organ or tissue, not related to muscle contractions. Therefore, 'spasm' best fits the description provided in the question.

5. What literary device is used in the line "The sea whispered secrets to the shore"?

• A. Alliteration
• B. Personification
• C. Onomatopoeia
• D. Hyperbole

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The sentence gives human qualities to the sea, like whispering, creating personification.

6. When does work on an object occur?

• A. Only when the object's velocity changes
• B. Only when a force is applied to the object
• C. Whenever there is a force exerted on the object causing displacement
• D. Only when the object is lifted vertically

Correct answer: c

Rationale: Work is done when a force is applied to an object, causing it to move in the direction of the force.

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