Nursing Elites

1. The primary function of the placenta during pregnancy is to:

• A. Produce insulin
• B. Facilitate gas exchange between mother and fetus
• C. Excrete waste products from the fetus
• D. All of the above

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, 'All of the above.' The placenta serves multiple crucial functions during pregnancy. It facilitates gas exchange between the mother and fetus, ensuring the transfer of oxygen and nutrients while removing carbon dioxide and waste products. Additionally, the placenta produces hormones like insulin that help regulate the mother's metabolism and support the development of the fetus. Therefore, the placenta plays a vital role in maintaining a healthy environment for the growing fetus by providing essential nutrients, removing waste, and regulating hormonal balance.

2. Harry is a Unit Manager I the Medical Unit. He is not satisfied with the way things are going

• A. Call for a staff meeting and take this up in the agenda.
• B. Seek help from her manager.
• C. Develop a strategic action on how to deal with these concerns.
• D. Ignore the issues since these will be resolved naturally.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Choosing option A, 'Call for a staff meeting and take this up in the agenda,' is the best course of action for Harry as a Unit Manager. By calling for a staff meeting, Harry can openly address his concerns with the team, gather input from team members, and work collaboratively to find solutions. This approach promotes transparency, communication, and teamwork, which are essential in resolving issues within a unit. Seeking help from his manager, as suggested in option B, may be necessary in some cases, but initiating a discussion with the staff first allows for a more inclusive problem-solving process. Developing a strategic action, as in option C, is important, but involving the team in this process through a staff meeting is crucial for buy-in and implementation. Ignoring the issues, as in option D, is never a productive approach as unresolved issues can escalate and impact team morale and performance. Therefore, option A is the most effective and proactive way for Harry to address hi

3. Which type of transport allows for the movement of large molecules, such as proteins and polysaccharides, across the cell membrane?

• A. Endocytosis
• B. Exocytosis
• C. Active transport
• D. Facilitated diffusion

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Rationale: A) Endocytosis is the process by which cells engulf large molecules or particles by wrapping the cell membrane around them to form a vesicle that is brought into the cell. This mechanism allows for the movement of large molecules, such as proteins and polysaccharides, across the cell membrane. B) Exocytosis is the opposite process of endocytosis, where cells release large molecules or particles by fusing vesicles with the cell membrane to expel their contents out of the cell. C) Active transport is a process that requires energy to move molecules across the cell membrane against their concentration gradient. While active transport can move large molecules, it is not specifically designed for the transport of proteins and polysaccharides. D) Facilitated diffusion is a type of passive transport that involves the movement of molecules across the cell membrane with the help of transport proteins. While facilitated diffusion can assist in the movement of

4. A balanced chemical equation for the reaction between sodium and chlorine to form sodium chloride is:

• A. Na + Cl2 -> NaCl
• B. 2Na + Cl2 -> 2NaCl
• C. Na2 + Cl -> 2NaCl
• D. Na + 2Cl -> NaCl2

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct balanced chemical equation for the reaction between sodium and chlorine to form sodium chloride is '2Na + Cl2 -> 2NaCl'. This equation is balanced as it shows that 2 atoms of sodium react with 1 molecule of chlorine gas to produce 2 molecules of sodium chloride. Option A 'Na + Cl2 -> NaCl' is incorrect as it does not balance the number of atoms on both sides of the equation. It only shows 1 atom of sodium reacting with 1 molecule of chlorine, which is not a balanced representation of the chemical reaction. Therefore, option B is the correct choice for this question.

5. Which part of the brainstem is responsible for controlling vital functions such as heart rate, blood pressure, and breathing?

• A. Medulla oblongata
• B. Pons
• C. Midbrain
• D. Cerebellum

Correct answer: a

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Medulla oblongata. The medulla oblongata is the lower part of the brainstem that regulates vital autonomic functions such as heart rate, blood pressure, and breathing. It contains important centers for controlling these essential bodily functions, making it a critical part of the brain for maintaining life. The pons, midbrain, and cerebellum are also parts of the brainstem, but they are not primarily responsible for regulating these vital functions. Therefore, the medulla oblongata is the specific region of the brainstem that directly controls these essential physiological processes.

6. Which of the following situations represents work being done on an object?

• A. Pushing against a wall without moving it
• B. Carrying a heavy object without lifting it
• C. Lifting a box to place it on a shelf
• D. Holding a book stationary in your hand

Correct answer: c

Rationale: Work is done when a force is applied to move an object over a distance.

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