1. Which part of the spinal cord is responsible for transmitting sensory information from the body to the brain?

A. Dorsal root
B. Ventral root
C. Gray matter
D. White matter

Correct answer: a

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Dorsal root. The dorsal root of the spinal cord is responsible for transmitting sensory information from the body to the brain. This root contains sensory nerve fibers that carry information such as touch, temperature, and pain signals from the peripheral nervous system to the central nervous system. Ventral roots, on the other hand, are responsible for transmitting motor information from the brain to the muscles. Gray matter is primarily composed of nerve cell bodies and is involved in processing information, while white matter consists of myelinated nerve fibers that facilitate communication between different parts of the nervous system. Therefore, in this context, the dorsal root is the specific structure that handles sensory information transmission.

2. Which sentence uses parentheses correctly?

A. The suspect was seen driving a red car (a witness reported).
B. The movie (released in 2022) received critical acclaim.
C. The restaurant offers a variety of dishes (including vegetarian options).
D. All participants (must register by Friday) will receive a free gift.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Parentheses are used for non-essential information that clarifies or adds detail. Option (a) is unnecessary and disrupts the flow of the sentence.

3. Which of the following is a common property of bases?

A. Conductivity in aqueous solutions
B. Sour taste
C. Reactivity with metals to produce hydrogen gas
D. Turns red litmus paper blue

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Bases are substances that can accept protons or donate hydroxide ions in a chemical reaction. One common property of bases is that they turn red litmus paper blue. This is a classic test to distinguish between acids (which turn blue litmus paper red) and bases. Conductivity in aqueous solutions (Option A) is a property of both acids and bases, sour taste (Option B) is a property of acids, and reactivity with metals to produce hydrogen gas (Option C) is a property of acids, not bases.

4. Which word best completes the sentence: "The scientist's breakthrough was met with _____ applause."

A. thunderous
B. scattered
C. polite
D. hesitant

Correct answer: A

Rationale: "Thunderous" emphasizes the intensity and volume of the applause, fitting the significance of the breakthrough.

5. Which of the following is NOT a type of chemical bond?

A. Ionic bond
B. Covalent bond
C. Metallic bond
D. Gravitational bond

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Although gravity exists, it's not considered a chemical bond responsible for holding atoms together within molecules.

6. What is the main argument presented in favor of UBI?

A. It would boost the economy by increasing consumer spending and stimulating businesses.
B. It would guarantee financial stability and improve mental health for all citizens.
C. It would address ethical concerns about income inequality and promote social justice.
D. It would decrease crime rates and improve public safety by reducing poverty and desperation.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The passage emphasizes UBI's potential to alleviate poverty and reduce inequality, aligning with C.