Nursing Elites

1. What is the function of arrector pili muscles?

• A. To control sweat production
• B. To contract and cause goosebumps
• C. To produce sebum
• D. To sense touch

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'To contract and cause goosebumps.' Arrector pili muscles are small muscles attached to hair follicles in the skin. When these muscles contract, they cause the hair to stand upright, resulting in the appearance of goosebumps. This physiological response is a remnant of our evolutionary past when our ancestors had more hair, and the raised hair helped to trap air for insulation or to make them look larger when threatened. Therefore, the function of arrector pili muscles is not to control sweat production (A), produce sebum (C), or sense touch (D), but rather to create the physical response of goosebumps.

2. Which phrase best describes the relationship between smart grid technologies and renewable energy integration?

• A. Competitive and incompatible, hindering each other's effectiveness.
• B. Neutral and independent, neither impacting nor relying on each other.
• C. Complementary and synergistic, enhancing each other's functionality.
• D. Substitutable and interchangeable, offering equivalent solutions.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The passage highlights the mutually beneficial relationship between smart grids and renewables, with both working together to optimize integration.

3. The process of splitting a heavy nucleus into smaller nuclei, releasing a vast amount of energy, is called:

• A. Nuclear fusion
• B. Nuclear fission
• C. Radioactive decay
• D. Chain reaction

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Rationale: Nuclear fission is the process of splitting a heavy nucleus into smaller nuclei, releasing a vast amount of energy. This process is commonly used in nuclear power plants and nuclear weapons. A) Nuclear fusion is the process of combining two light nuclei to form a heavier nucleus, releasing energy in the process. This process powers the sun and other stars. C) Radioactive decay is the process by which an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy by emitting radiation. D) Chain reaction is a self-sustaining reaction in which the products of one reaction event stimulate further reaction events. This can occur in both nuclear fission and nuclear fusion reactions.

4. What is the main difference between a nuclear reactor and a nuclear bomb?

• A. Reactors use enriched uranium, while bombs use natural uranium.
• B. Reactors have controlled chain reactions, while bombs have uncontrolled chain reactions.
• C. Reactors generate electricity, while bombs cause explosions.
• D. Reactors use moderators, while bombs don't.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The key difference lies in the control of the fission chain reaction. Reactors have controlled reactions for energy generation, while bombs have rapid, uncontrolled reactions creating explosions.

5. In a single displacement reaction, one element takes the place of another element in a compound. Which of the following is an example?

• A. 2H2 + O2 -> 2H2O
• B. Zn + 2HCl -> ZnCl2 + H2
• C. CaCO3 -> CaO + CO2
• D. CH4 + 2O2 -> CO2 + 2H2O

Correct answer: B

Rationale: In a single displacement reaction, one element replaces another element in a compound. Option B, 'Zn + 2HCl -> ZnCl2 + H2,' is an example of a single displacement reaction where zinc (Zn) replaces hydrogen (H) in hydrochloric acid (HCl) to form zinc chloride (ZnCl2) and hydrogen gas (H2). The other options do not involve one element displacing another in a compound. Option A is a synthesis reaction, option C is a decomposition reaction, and option D is a combustion reaction. Therefore, option B is the correct answer as it demonstrates the concept of single displacement reactions.

6. Which word in the sentence "The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog" demonstrates alliteration?

• A. quick
• B. brown
• C. fox
• D. jumps

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Alliteration is the repetition of the first consonant sound of words close together. In this case, "quick" and "brown" both start with the "k" sound.

Similar Questions