Nursing Elites

1. What is the term for the inflammation of the airways in the lungs, often causing wheezing and difficulty breathing?

• A. Pneumonia
• B. Emphysema
• C. Asthma
• D. Pleurisy

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: "Asthma." Asthma is a chronic condition characterized by inflammation of the airways in the lungs, leading to symptoms like wheezing, shortness of breath, coughing, and chest tightness. Pneumonia (A) is an infection in the lungs caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi. Emphysema (B) is a type of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) characterized by damage to the air sacs in the lungs. Pleurisy (D) is inflammation of the lining of the lungs and chest cavity. Therefore, asthma best fits the description provided in the question, making it the correct answer.

2. Identify the adverb in the following sentence: The patient waited anxiously for the doctor's news.

• A. waited
• B. anxiously
• C. doctor's
• D. news

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Adverbs modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs. In this sentence, "anxiously" describes how the patient "waited".

3. In the reaction 2Na + 2H2O → 2NaOH + H2, what is the limiting reactant when 3 moles of sodium react with 2 moles of water?

• A. Na
• B. H2O
• C. NaOH
• D. H2

Correct answer: a

Rationale: Sodium is the limiting reactant because it runs out first in a 1:1 ratio with water.

4. What type of figurative language is used in the statement "Her laughter was music to my ears"?

• A. Metaphor
• B. Simile
• C. Hyperbole
• D. Personification

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The statement directly compares laughter to music, forming a metaphor.

5. Which of the following statements best describes Newton's first law of motion?

• A. An object in motion tends to stay in motion, and an object at rest tends to stay at rest unless acted upon by an external force.
• B. Force equals mass times acceleration.
• C. For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
• D. The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Newton's first law of motion, also known as the law of inertia, states that an object in motion will remain in motion, and an object at rest will remain at rest unless acted upon by an external force. This principle highlights the concept of inertia, which is the tendency of objects to resist changes in their state of motion. Option A accurately captures this fundamental aspect of Newton's first law. Options B, C, and D describe Newton's second law, third law, and the relationship between force, acceleration, and mass, respectively.

6. The muscular tube that carries urine from the kidneys to the bladder is called the:

• A. Nephron
• B. Ureter
• C. Urethra
• D. Glomerulus

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ureter. The ureter is the muscular tube that carries urine from the kidneys to the bladder. Nephrons are the functional units of the kidneys responsible for filtering blood. The urethra is the tube that carries urine from the bladder out of the body. The glomerulus is a cluster of blood vessels in the nephron that filters blood to form urine. Understanding the functions and locations of these structures is essential for comprehending the urinary system's overall process.

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