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ATI TEAS 7

Chemistry

1. Which of the following is the smallest part of an element that can still be recognized as that element?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: An atom is the smallest unit of matter that retains the chemical properties of an element. It is composed of a nucleus containing protons and neutrons, and electrons that orbit the nucleus. The number of protons in the nucleus determines the atomic number of the element, and the number of neutrons determines the isotope of the element.

2. What is the process of cells becoming specialized to perform specific functions called?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Rationale: A) Cell division refers to the process by which a parent cell divides into two or more daughter cells. B) Cell differentiation is the process by which cells become specialized to perform specific functions. During differentiation, cells acquire specific structures and functions that allow them to carry out particular roles in the body. C) Cell growth is the process by which cells increase in size and number. D) Cell regeneration is the process by which new cells are produced to replace damaged or lost cells in an organism. In this context, the process of cells becoming specialized to perform specific functions is best described as cell differentiation.

3. The pancreas secretes digestive enzymes into the small intestine. What enzyme breaks down proteins into amino acids?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Trypsin. Trypsin is an enzyme produced by the pancreas and secreted into the small intestine where it plays a key role in breaking down proteins into smaller peptides and amino acids. Pepsin is produced in the stomach and specifically acts on protein, not in the small intestine. Lipase is an enzyme that breaks down fats, not proteins. Amylase is an enzyme that breaks down carbohydrates, not proteins. Therefore, Trypsin is the enzyme responsible for breaking down proteins into amino acids in the small intestine.

4. What is the relationship between force and acceleration according to Newton's second law?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: According to Newton's second law of motion, the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass. This relationship is mathematically expressed as F = ma, where F represents force, m represents mass, and a represents acceleration. Therefore, an increase in force will result in a proportional increase in acceleration, supporting the statement that force is directly proportional to acceleration.

5. What is the author's stance towards the idea of smart cities?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The passage acknowledges both the promise and challenges of smart cities, demonstrating a balanced perspective.

6. Why are isotopes of the same element chemically similar?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: They have the same number of protons. This determines the element's identity and its interactions with other elements, leading to similar chemical behavior, even if the number of neutrons differs.

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