Nursing Elites

1. Katherine is a young Unit Manager of the Pediatric Ward. Most of her staff nurses are senior

• A. Identify the source of the conflict and understand the points of friction
• B. Disregard what she feels and continue to work independently
• C. Seek help from the Director of Nursing
• D. Quit her job and look for another employment.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Seek help from the Director of Nursing. As a young Unit Manager managing a team of senior staff nurses, Katherine may face challenges in leading and gaining the respect of her team due to the age and experience gap. Seeking help from the Director of Nursing can provide her with guidance, mentorship, and support in navigating these challenges. It is important for Katherine to communicate openly about any conflicts or issues she may be facing in order to address them effectively and maintain a positive work environment. Quitting her job (option D) should be considered as a last resort after exhausting all other possible solutions.

2. Which organelle is responsible for the final stages of protein modification and packaging for secretion in animal cells?

• A. Rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER)
• B. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER)
• C. Ribosomes
• D. Golgi apparatus

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The Golgi apparatus is responsible for the final stages of protein modification and packaging for secretion in animal cells. After proteins are synthesized in the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) and modified in the Golgi apparatus, they are packaged into vesicles for secretion. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) is involved in lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, while ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis on the RER. Therefore, the Golgi apparatus is the correct organelle for the final processing and packaging of proteins for secretion in animal cells.

3. What phenomenon occurs when a wave encounters a change in medium causing a change in its speed and direction?

• A. Refraction
• B. Reflection
• C. Diffraction
• D. Interference

Correct answer: a

Rationale: Refraction happens when a wave changes its speed and direction due to encountering a change in medium.

4. What is the main function of vacuoles in plant cells?

• A. To provide structural support for the cell
• B. To transport substances in and out of the cell
• C. To synthesize proteins and lipids
• D. To store water, enzymes, and waste products

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Rationale: Vacuoles in plant cells primarily function as storage organelles. They store water, enzymes, pigments, and waste products. Vacuoles help maintain turgor pressure within the cell, which provides structural support for the plant cell. While vacuoles can also be involved in transporting substances within the cell, their main function is storage. Synthesizing proteins and lipids is primarily carried out by other organelles such as the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus.

5. Which additional information would be MOST helpful in further understanding the issue of microplastics?

• A. The economic costs associated with plastic pollution cleanup.
• B. The specific types of microbes used in bioremediation processes.
• C. The historical timeline of plastic production and its global distribution.
• D. The aesthetic impact of plastic pollution on beaches and tourism.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Understanding the specific microbes used in bioremediation would directly contribute to knowledge about the solution proposed in the passage.

6. Which statement accurately describes cytokinesis in animal cells?

• A. Which statement accurately describes cytokinesis in animal cells?
• B. A cell plate forms in the center of the dividing cell, eventually separating the cytoplasm into two daughter cells.
• C. A cell plate forms in the center of the dividing cell, eventually separating the cytoplasm into two daughter cells.
• D. The nucleus elongates and pulls apart, physically dividing the cytoplasm into two.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Rationale: A) This statement is a duplicate of option C and does not accurately describe cytokinesis in animal cells. B) In animal cells, during cytokinesis, a cleavage furrow forms in the center of the dividing cell. This furrow deepens and eventually pinches the cytoplasm into two daughter cells. This process is distinct from plant cells, where a cell plate forms. C) This statement is a duplicate of option A and does not accurately describe cytokinesis in animal cells. D) This statement describes the process of nuclear division (mitosis) rather than cytokinesis, which is the division of the cytoplasm.

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