Nursing Elites

1. What is the breakdown product of ATP (adenosine triphosphate) that provides energy for muscle contraction?

• A. Glucose
• B. Creatine phosphate
• C. ADP (adenosine diphosphate)
• D. Lactic acid

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: ADP (adenosine diphosphate). During muscle contraction, ATP is broken down into ADP and inorganic phosphate, releasing energy that fuels the muscle contraction process. This energy release allows the muscle fibers to contract and perform work. Glucose is a source of energy that is broken down through cellular respiration to produce ATP but is not the direct breakdown product of ATP itself. Creatine phosphate is another energy storage molecule in muscles but is not the breakdown product of ATP. Lactic acid is produced during anaerobic respiration when there is a lack of oxygen, and it is not the primary energy source for muscle contraction. Therefore, ADP is the correct breakdown product of ATP that provides energy for muscle contraction.

2. What property of a wave remains unchanged when it passes from one medium to another with the same speed?

• A. Frequency
• B. Wavelength
• C. Amplitude
• D. Speed

Correct answer: d

Rationale: The speed of a wave remains constant when passing from one medium to another with the same speed.

3. Which group of elements is known for their reactivity and ability to form strong bonds with other elements?

• A. Noble gases
• B. Halogens
• C. Alkali metals
• D. Transition metals

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Rationale: Halogens are a group of elements in the periodic table that are known for their high reactivity and ability to form strong bonds with other elements. They have seven valence electrons, which makes them highly reactive as they only need one more electron to achieve a stable electron configuration. Halogens readily form compounds with other elements by gaining an electron to achieve a full outer shell, resulting in the formation of strong covalent bonds. In contrast, noble gases (option A) are known for their inertness and stable electron configurations, alkali metals (option C) are highly reactive but not as strong bond formers as halogens, and transition metals (option D) are known for their variable oxidation states and ability to form complex ions but are not as reactive as halogens in terms of bond formation.

4. The passage implies that achieving energy sustainability requires...

• A. solely relying on renewable energy sources for electricity generation.
• B. a combination of advancements in renewable energy production and management technologies.
• C. prioritizing economic benefits over environmental concerns when making energy choices.
• D. focusing solely on reducing energy consumption without addressing production sources.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The passage emphasizes the need for both increasing renewable energy and managing its fluctuations, suggesting B as the key to sustainability.

5. A birdbath has a hemispherical bowl with a diameter of 30cm. What is its volume?

• A. 675 cu cm
• B. 1350 cu cm
• C. 2700 cu cm
• D. 4050 cu cm

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Use half the formula for a sphere's volume: (2/3) * π * (radius)^3. Calculate the radius (15cm) and substitute: (2/3) * π * (15cm)^3 ≈ 2700 cu cm.

6. Which word best completes the sentence: "The scientist's breakthrough was met with _____ applause."

• A. thunderous
• B. scattered
• C. polite
• D. hesitant

Correct answer: A

Rationale: "Thunderous" emphasizes the intensity and volume of the applause, fitting the significance of the breakthrough.

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