Nursing Elites

1. What type of force opposes the motion of an object moving through a fluid (liquid or gas)?

• A. Gravitational force
• B. Tension force
• C. Viscous force
• D. Magnetic force

Correct answer: c

Rationale: Viscous force is the resistance experienced by an object moving through a fluid due to internal friction.

2. What is the role of RNA in protein synthesis?

• A. Stores genetic information
• B. Decodes genetic information
• C. Provides energy for the process
• D. Transports amino acids to the ribosomes

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Rationale: RNA plays a crucial role in protein synthesis by decoding the genetic information stored in DNA and carrying it to the ribosomes where proteins are synthesized. This process involves transcription, where RNA is synthesized from DNA, and translation, where the information in RNA is used to assemble amino acids into proteins. RNA acts as a messenger between DNA and the ribosomes, ensuring that the correct sequence of amino acids is used to build proteins according to the genetic code. Therefore, option B is the most appropriate choice as it accurately describes the role of RNA in protein synthesis.

3. Which test is commonly used to assess kidney function?

• A. Complete blood count (CBC)
• B. Blood sugar test
• C. Urinalysis
• D. Creatinine clearance test

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Creatinine clearance test. This test is commonly used to assess kidney function by measuring how well the kidneys are filtering waste products like creatinine from the blood. Creatinine is a waste product produced by muscles and is normally filtered out by the kidneys. A high level of creatinine in the blood can indicate reduced kidney function. Options A, B, and C are not specifically used to assess kidney function. A complete blood count (CBC) measures different components of the blood like red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. A blood sugar test is used to measure glucose levels in the blood. Urinalysis is a test that analyzes the urine for various substances like proteins, glucose, and blood cells, but it is not the primary test for assessing kidney function.

4. What is the difference between a homozygous recessive genotype and a homozygous dominant genotype?

• A. Both have the same phenotype, but different genotypes.
• B. Both have the same genotype, but different phenotypes.
• C. Homozygous recessive has two dominant alleles, while homozygous dominant has two recessive alleles.
• D. Homozygous recessive has two identical recessive alleles, while homozygous dominant has two identical dominant alleles.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Rationale: - Homozygous recessive genotype refers to an individual having two identical recessive alleles for a particular gene (e.g., rr for a trait where r represents the recessive allele). - Homozygous dominant genotype refers to an individual having two identical dominant alleles for a particular gene (e.g., RR for a trait where R represents the dominant allele). - The difference between the two genotypes lies in the specific alleles present in each case, with homozygous recessive having two recessive alleles and homozygous dominant having two dominant alleles. - This genetic difference results in different phenotypes being expressed, as the dominant allele typically masks the expression of the recessive allele in heterozygous individuals.

5. During which phase of the cell cycle does cytokinesis typically occur?

• A. Interphase
• B. Mitosis
• C. Meiosis
• D. G2 phase

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Rationale: Cytokinesis is the process of dividing the cytoplasm of a cell into two daughter cells after the nucleus has divided during mitosis. In the cell cycle, cytokinesis typically occurs at the end of the mitotic phase, following the separation of the duplicated chromosomes into two identical sets in the daughter nuclei. Interphase (option A) is the phase where the cell grows, carries out its normal functions, and prepares for cell division. Meiosis (option C) is a specialized type of cell division that occurs in sexually reproducing organisms to produce gametes. G2 phase (option D) is the phase of the cell cycle following DNA replication in S phase and preceding mitosis, where the cell prepares for cell division.

6. What is the scientific term for the study of genes and their role in disease?

• A. Molecular biology
• B. Biochemistry
• C. Evolutionary biology
• D. Genomic medicine

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Rationale: A) Molecular biology primarily focuses on the study of biological processes at a molecular level, including the structure and function of molecules essential to life such as DNA, RNA, and proteins. While molecular biology may involve the study of genes, it is not specifically focused on their role in disease. B) Biochemistry is the branch of science that explores the chemical processes and substances that occur within living organisms. While biochemistry may involve the study of genetic material, it does not specifically focus on the role of genes in disease. C) Evolutionary biology is the study of the processes that have shaped the diversity of life on Earth over time, including how species evolve and adapt to their environments. While genetics plays a role in evolutionary biology, it is not the primary focus of this field. D) Genomic medicine is the scientific term for the study of genes and their role in disease. This field involves understanding how variations in an indi

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