Nursing Elites

1. A spring with a spring constant of 100 N/m is stretched 0.2 m from its equilibrium position. What is the potential energy stored in the spring?

• A. 2 J
• B. 4 J
• C. 8 J
• D. 20 J

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Potential energy in a spring is calculated as 1/2 * k * x², where k is the spring constant and x is the displacement from equilibrium. Therefore, the potential energy is 1/2 * 100 N/m * (0.2 m)² = 4 J.

2. Cystitis is an inflammation of the:

• A. Kidneys
• B. Bladder
• C. Ureters
• D. Urethra

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Bladder. Cystitis is an inflammation of the bladder, typically caused by a bacterial infection. Symptoms include frequent and urgent urination, along with pain or discomfort in the pelvic area. The kidneys (option A) are responsible for filtering blood and producing urine, but they are not the site of inflammation in cystitis. The ureters (option C) are the tubes that connect the kidneys to the bladder and are not typically affected by cystitis. The urethra (option D) is the tube that carries urine from the bladder out of the body, but it is not where the inflammation occurs in cystitis.

3. What is the unit of measurement for power?

• A. Joule (J)
• B. Newton (N)
• C. Watt (W)
• D. Kilogram-meter (kg·m)

Correct answer: c

Rationale: Power is measured in watts (W) in the SI unit system.

4. Which property of a substance refers to its ability to be stretched into thin wires without breaking?

• A. Conductivity
• B. Viscosity
• C. Ductility
• D. Malleability

Correct answer: c

Rationale: Ductility is the property that describes a substance's ability to be stretched into thin wires without breaking.

5. Which statement accurately describes the relationship between electron configuration and the periodic table?

• A. Elements within the same period have similar electron configurations.
• B. Elements within the same group have similar electron configurations in their outermost shell.
• C. Electron configuration has no influence on an element's position on the periodic table.
• D. The number of electron shells an element has determines its group on the periodic table.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Elements within the same group have similar electron configurations in their outermost shell. This explains why elements in the same group often share similar chemical properties.

6. Which part of the brain is responsible for coordinating muscle movements, maintaining balance, and posture?

• A. Cerebrum
• B. Cerebellum
• C. Medulla oblongata
• D. Thalamus

Correct answer: b

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Cerebellum. The cerebellum is responsible for coordinating muscle movements, maintaining balance, and posture. It receives information from the sensory systems, the spinal cord, and other parts of the brain to regulate voluntary movements. The cerebrum, on the other hand, is mainly responsible for higher brain functions such as thinking and problem-solving. The medulla oblongata controls autonomic functions like breathing and heart rate, while the thalamus acts as a relay station for sensory information. Therefore, the cerebellum is the specific part of the brain that plays a crucial role in motor coordination and balance.

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