TEAS 7 Biology: Master Key Concepts

ATI TEAS 7

Biology

1. What is the process of making copies of RNA from DNA called?

A. Replication
B. Transcription
C. Translation
D. DNA repair

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Rationale: Transcription is the process of making copies of RNA from DNA. During transcription, the enzyme RNA polymerase binds to a specific region of DNA and synthesizes a complementary RNA strand based on the DNA template. This process is essential for gene expression and protein synthesis in cells. Replication (option A) refers to the process of making copies of DNA, not RNA. Translation (option C) is the process of synthesizing proteins from mRNA, not making copies of RNA from DNA. DNA repair (option D) involves mechanisms that cells use to repair damaged DNA, not the process of making RNA copies from DNA.

2. The feedback loop is a crucial concept in endocrine regulation. In a negative feedback loop, high levels of a hormone can:

A. Further stimulate the release of the same hormone
B. Inhibit the release of the hormone or its production
C. Have no effect on the hormone's regulation
D. Increase the need for another hormone entirely

Correct answer: B

Rationale: In a negative feedback loop, high levels of a hormone signal the body to stop producing more of that hormone in order to maintain homeostasis. This is a self-regulating mechanism to prevent excessive levels of the hormone. Option B is correct because in this scenario, the high levels of the hormone will inhibit its further release or production. This feedback loop helps ensure that hormone levels stay within a narrow range, preventing overstimulation or imbalance in the endocrine system. Options A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not align with the concept of negative feedback regulation in endocrine systems.

3. She checks the documentary requirements for the applicants for staff nurse position. Which

A. Certificate of previous employment
B. Record of related learning experience (RLE)
C. Membership to accredited professional organization
D. Professional identification card

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Membership to accredited professional organization.' When hiring staff nurses, verifying their membership to an accredited professional organization is crucial as it ensures that the applicant is recognized and affiliated with a reputable body in the nursing field. This membership signifies adherence to professional standards and ongoing education and development. While the other options are important in assessing a candidate's qualifications, membership to an accredited professional organization directly relates to the professional standing and commitment to the nursing profession, making it a key documentary requirement for the staff nurse position.

4. What is the process by which a population gradually loses genetic variation?

A. Founder effect
B. Bottleneck effect
C. Gene flow
D. Speciation

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Rationale: A) Founder effect: This occurs when a small group of individuals establishes a new population, leading to a loss of genetic variation compared to the original population. It does not necessarily result in a gradual loss of genetic variation in an existing population. B) Bottleneck effect: This process occurs when a population is drastically reduced in size, leading to a significant loss of genetic variation due to the limited number of individuals contributing to the gene pool. The reduced genetic diversity can have long-term effects on the population's ability to adapt to environmental changes. C) Gene flow: This refers to the movement of genes between populations, which can introduce new genetic variation and prevent populations from diverging. Gene flow does not lead to a gradual loss of genetic variation within a population. D) Speciation: This is the process by which new species evolve from existing species, often involving the accumulation of genetic differences that l

5. Which statement accurately describes the electron cloud model of the atom?

A. Electrons precisely orbit the nucleus in defined paths.
B. Electrons occupy specific energy levels around the nucleus with varying probabilities.
C. Electrons are clustered tightly within the nucleus.
D. Electrons move randomly throughout the entire atom.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Electrons occupy specific energy levels around the nucleus with varying probabilities. The electron cloud model depicts electrons existing in distinct energy levels, not fixed orbits, with probabilities of finding them in specific regions.