Nursing Elites

1. A common indicator used to distinguish between acidic and basic solutions is:

• A. Methyl orange
• B. Phenolphthalein
• C. Universal indicator
• D. All of the above are common indicators.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Phenolphthalein turns pink in basic solutions and remains colorless in acidic solutions

2. Coronary arteries are responsible for:

• A. Delivering oxygenated blood throughout the body.
• B. Supplying oxygenated blood to the heart muscle itself.
• C. Carrying deoxygenated blood back to the heart.
• D. Regulating blood pressure through vasoconstriction and vasodilation.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Supplying oxygenated blood to the heart muscle itself.' Coronary arteries are specialized blood vessels that branch off the aorta and provide oxygenated blood to the heart muscle. This is crucial for the heart to function properly and maintain its own blood supply separate from the systemic circulation. The other options are incorrect because delivering oxygenated blood throughout the body is the role of the systemic circulation and not specific to coronary arteries. Carrying deoxygenated blood back to the heart is the function of veins, while regulating blood pressure through vasoconstriction and vasodilation is primarily controlled by arteries in general, not just the coronary arteries.

3. Which part of the brain is responsible for coordinating various sensory inputs, regulating sleep, and maintaining wakefulness?

• A. Cerebrum
• B. Hypothalamus
• C. Medulla oblongata
• D. Reticular formation

Correct answer: d

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Reticular formation. The reticular formation is a network of neurons located in the brainstem that plays a crucial role in regulating consciousness, arousal, and sleep-wake transitions. It receives sensory inputs from various parts of the body and helps coordinate these inputs to maintain wakefulness and alertness. While the cerebrum is responsible for higher cognitive functions and the hypothalamus regulates various physiological processes like body temperature and hunger, the reticular formation specifically focuses on integrating sensory information and controlling wakefulness.

4. Which of the following is responsible for generating the electrical impulses that regulate the heartbeat?

• A. Aorta
• B. Pulmonary veins
• C. Coronary arteries
• D. Sinoatrial (SA) node

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Sinoatrial (SA) node. The SA node, also known as the heart's natural pacemaker, is responsible for generating the electrical impulses that regulate the heartbeat. These impulses initiate each heartbeat by causing the atria to contract. The other options, Aorta, Pulmonary veins, and Coronary arteries, are important structures in the cardiovascular system but are not directly responsible for generating the electrical impulses that regulate the heartbeat.

5. What is the name for the change in enthalpy (heat) associated with a chemical reaction at constant pressure?

• A. Entropy
• B. Enthalpy
• C. Gibbs free energy
• D. Heat of reaction

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, Heat of reaction. The heat of reaction, also known as the enthalpy change, is the amount of heat absorbed or released during a chemical reaction at constant pressure. Entropy (A) is a measure of the disorder or randomness of a system. Enthalpy (B) is the total heat content of a system. Gibbs free energy (C) is a measure of the energy available to do work in a system at constant temperature and pressure.

6. What is the functional group present in amines?

• A. Hydroxyl
• B. Carbonyl
• C. Amine
• D. Nitro

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Amines have the functional group -NHâ‚‚. The other choices are associated with different functional groups.

Similar Questions