Nursing Elites

1. Lymphedema, a chronic condition, occurs when:

• A. Lymph nodes become inflamed
• B. Lymph vessels become blocked
• C. The spleen malfunctions
• D. Bone marrow production decreases

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: "Lymph vessels become blocked." Lymphedema is a chronic condition characterized by swelling due to the accumulation of lymph fluid. This occurs when lymph vessels become blocked, preventing the proper drainage of lymph fluid. Inflammation of lymph nodes (option A) is not the direct cause of lymphedema. The spleen malfunctioning (option C) and bone marrow production decreasing (option D) are not directly related to the development of lymphedema. Understanding the blockage of lymph vessels is crucial in comprehending the pathophysiology of lymphedema.

2. A circular bandage has a diameter of 6cm. What is the area covered by the bandage (area of a circle = πr^2)?

• A. 9Ï€ cm^2
• B. 18Ï€ cm^2
• C. 27Ï€ cm^2
• D. 36Ï€ cm^2

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Divide the diameter (6cm) by 2 to find the radius (3cm). Substitute into the formula and multiply by π to get 18π cm^2.

3. Which additional information would be MOST relevant to the topic of the passage?

• A. A detailed history of the development of specific social media platforms.
• B. Studies on the psychological effects of prolonged social media use on teenagers.
• C. Statistics on the global economic impact of the social media industry.
• D. Technical explanations of the algorithms used by social media platforms.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Studies on the psychological effects of social media use directly relate to the passage's concerns about mental health impacts, making it the most relevant information.

4. Which of the following is the main organ responsible for regulating blood pressure?

• A. Heart
• B. Kidneys
• C. Adrenal glands
• D. Pituitary gland

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Rationale: The kidneys play a crucial role in regulating blood pressure through various mechanisms. One of the key ways the kidneys regulate blood pressure is by controlling the volume of blood in the body. They do this by adjusting the amount of water and sodium excreted in the urine. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, which is primarily controlled by the kidneys, also plays a significant role in blood pressure regulation. This system helps to maintain blood pressure by regulating blood volume and systemic vascular resistance. While the heart, adrenal glands, and pituitary gland are involved in various aspects of the cardiovascular and endocrine systems, the kidneys are the main organ responsible for regulating blood pressure.

5. Which hormone is crucial for stimulating sperm production in males?

• A. Estrogen
• B. Progesterone
• C. Testosterone
• D. Insulin

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Testosterone. Testosterone is the primary male sex hormone and is crucial for stimulating sperm production in males through the process of spermatogenesis. It is produced in the testes and plays a key role in the development and maintenance of male reproductive tissues, including the testes and prostate. Estrogen and progesterone are primarily female sex hormones, while insulin regulates blood sugar levels and metabolism. Therefore, testosterone is the hormone specifically responsible for stimulating sperm production in males.

6. During photosynthesis, plants capture sunlight and convert water and carbon dioxide into glucose and oxygen. This is an example of a:

• A. Decomposition reaction
• B. Combustion reaction
• C. Synthesis reaction
• D. Double displacement reaction

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Synthesis reaction. During photosynthesis, plants combine water and carbon dioxide using sunlight to produce glucose and oxygen. In a synthesis reaction, two or more substances combine to form a more complex product. In this case, glucose and oxygen are synthesized from simpler molecules. A decomposition reaction involves breaking down a compound into simpler substances, which is not the case in photosynthesis. Combustion reactions involve the rapid reaction of a fuel with oxygen to produce heat and light, which is also not the process occurring in photosynthesis. Double displacement reactions involve the exchange of ions between two compounds to form new compounds, which is not the mechanism of photosynthesis. Therefore, the process described in the question aligns with a synthesis reaction.

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