1. What skin condition is characterized by red, itchy, and inflamed patches?

A. Eczema
B. Psoriasis
C. Melanoma
D. Keloid

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Eczema. Eczema is a common skin condition that is characterized by red, itchy, and inflamed patches on the skin. It is often triggered by environmental factors or allergies and can vary in severity. Psoriasis (option B) is also a skin condition that causes red, scaly patches on the skin, but it is typically thicker and more silver or white in color compared to eczema. Melanoma (option C) is a type of skin cancer that usually presents as a new mole or a changing mole on the skin, rather than red, itchy patches. Keloid (option D) is a raised scar that can result from an overgrowth of scar tissue. Therefore, the most appropriate answer to this question is A: Eczema, based on the description of red, itchy, and inflamed patches.

2. Which of the following is the main function of the heart?

A. To filter blood
B. To exchange gases
C. To pump blood throughout the body
D. To produce hormones

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: The main function of the heart is to pump blood throughout the body. The heart is a muscular organ that works as a pump to circulate blood, which carries oxygen and nutrients to the body's tissues and removes waste products. Option A is incorrect because the kidneys are responsible for filtering blood. Option B is incorrect because the exchange of gases, such as oxygen and carbon dioxide, occurs in the lungs. Option D is incorrect because hormone production is primarily carried out by endocrine glands such as the pituitary gland and the thyroid gland.

3. The process of a gas changing into a liquid is called:

A. Evaporation
B. Boiling
C. Condensation
D. Sublimation

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Condensation happens when gas particles lose energy and slow down, transitioning into the liquid state.

4. What is the term for a solution with a pH value less than 7?

A. Acidic
B. Neutral
C. Alkaline
D. Basic

Correct answer: a

Rationale: Solutions with a pH less than 7 are acidic. The other choices do not accurately describe solutions with a pH less than 7.

5. Which type of symbiosis is where both organisms benefit from the interaction?

A. Mutualism
B. Commensalism
C. Parasitism
D. Predation

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Rationale: Mutualism is a type of symbiosis in which both organisms involved benefit from the interaction. This relationship is characterized by cooperation and mutual support, leading to advantages for both parties. In mutualistic relationships, each organism provides something that the other needs, resulting in a mutually beneficial outcome. Examples of mutualism include the relationship between bees and flowers (pollination) and the partnership between nitrogen-fixing bacteria and leguminous plants.

6. Aseptic meningitis is an inflammation of the meninges caused by:

A. Bacteria
B. Viruses
C. Fungi
D. Parasites

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Rationale: Aseptic meningitis is typically caused by viral infections, such as enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus, echovirus), herpes simplex virus, varicella-zoster virus, and others. These viruses can infect the meninges, leading to inflammation and symptoms of meningitis without the presence of bacteria. While bacterial meningitis is a serious and life-threatening condition, aseptic meningitis caused by viruses is usually less severe and has a better prognosis. Fungi and parasites are less common causes of meningitis compared to bacteria and viruses.