1. Which type of joint allows for the most movement?

A. Ball-and-socket joint (shoulder)
B. Hinge joint (elbow)
C. Fibrocartilaginous joint (wrists)
D. Suture joint (skull)

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Ball-and-socket joint (shoulder). Ball-and-socket joints allow for the most movement in all directions, such as flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and rotation. The shoulder joint is a prime example, as it enables a wide range of motion, allowing the arm to move in multiple planes. Hinge joints, like the elbow, primarily allow movement in one direction (flexion and extension). Fibrocartilaginous joints, such as those in the wrists, have limited movement due to the presence of cartilage between the bones. Suture joints, found in the skull, are immovable joints that provide structural support rather than movement. Therefore, ball-and-socket joints like the shoulder joint offer the greatest range of motion among the options provided.

2. You need to paint a rectangular swimming pool with dimensions 8m by 5m and a depth of 2m. Considering only the interior walls and floor (not the top), how much paint do you need (assume one can of paint covers 10 sq m)?

A. 56 sq m
B. 72 sq m
C. 88 sq m
D. 104 sq m

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Calculate the areas of each wall and the floor, sum them up, and subtract the area of the water surface (top). Divide the final area by the coverage area per can to determine the number of cans needed.

3. Which of the following statements is NOT true about performance appraisal?

A. Informing the staff about the specific impressions of their work help improve their
B. A verbal appraisal is an acceptable substitute for a written report
C. Patients are the best source of information regarding personnel appraisal.
D. The outcome of performance appraisal rests primarily with the staff.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Option A is the correct answer because informing staff about specific impressions of their work can be subjective and may not always lead to improvement. Performance appraisal should be based on objective criteria and feedback. Verbal appraisals can lack documentation and clarity, making a written report a more reliable form of evaluation. Patients may provide valuable input on staff interactions, but they may not have the full context to assess job performance comprehensively. The outcome of performance appraisal should involve both the staff and the appraiser, as it is a collaborative process to identify strengths and areas for development.

4. What is the difference between active and passive immunity?

A. Active immunity is short-lived, while passive immunity is long-lasting.
B. Active immunity involves the body's own immune response, while passive immunity provides immediate protection through antibodies from another source.
C. Active immunity only protects against bacterial infections, while passive immunity works against both bacteria and viruses.
D. Passive immunity requires repeated vaccinations, while active immunity is a one-time process.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: "Active immunity involves the body's own immune response, while passive immunity provides immediate protection through antibodies from another source." Active immunity is long-lasting because it involves the body's immune system producing memory cells that remember specific pathogens, providing long-term protection. Passive immunity, on the other hand, is short-lived as it involves receiving pre-formed antibodies from an external source, such as through maternal transfer or injection of antibodies, which do not create memory cells for long-lasting protection.

5. A person is pushing a box across the floor. Which of the following forces is NOT doing work?

A. The person's pushing force
B. The normal force from the floor
C. The gravitational force on the box
D. The frictional force between the box and the floor

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Work is defined as the force applied in the direction of motion multiplied by the distance moved. Since the normal force acts perpendicular to the motion, it does not contribute to work.

6. How does polarization affect the intensity of light passing through a polarizing filter?

A. All light passes through regardless of polarization.
B. Light with the same polarization as the filter passes through, while others are blocked
C. Light with higher intensity passes through, while weaker light is blocked.
D. The intensity is reduced for all light, regardless of polarization.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: A polarizing filter only allows light waves with a specific polarization direction to pass through, reducing the intensity of waves with different orientations.