Nursing Elites

1. Dendrites are finger-like extensions found on

• A. Muscle cells
• B. Connective tissue cells
• C. Neurons
• D. Epithelial cells

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Dendrites are the primary sites for receiving signals in a neuron. They are specialized extensions that branch out from the cell body of a neuron to receive incoming information from other neurons. These finger-like projections play a crucial role in transmitting electrical impulses and communication within the nervous system. Muscle cells, connective tissue cells, and epithelial cells do not have dendrites as they are not involved in neuronal communication.

2. A table top has dimensions of 75cm by 50cm. What is its perimeter if opposite sides are equal?

• A. 125cm
• B. 150cm
• C. 200cm
• D. 50cm

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Rationale: - Given that the table top has dimensions of 75cm by 50cm. - Since opposite sides are equal, the table top can be divided into two pairs of equal sides: 75cm and 50cm. - To find the perimeter, we add up all four sides: 75cm + 50cm + 75cm + 50cm = 250cm. - However, since opposite sides are equal, we only need to consider two sides: 75cm + 50cm = 125cm. - Therefore, the perimeter of the table top is 125cm + 125cm = 150cm. - Hence, the correct answer is B) 150cm.

3. Which respiratory structure is responsible for the humidification and warming of inhaled air?

• A. Trachea
• B. Larynx
• C. Nasal passages
• D. Bronchi

Correct answer: c

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Nasal passages. The nasal passages are lined with mucous membranes that produce mucus to humidify and warm the inhaled air before it reaches the lungs. This process helps to protect the delicate lung tissues from drying out and becoming irritated. The trachea, larynx, and bronchi play important roles in the respiratory system, but specifically, the nasal passages are primarily responsible for humidifying and warming the air as it enters the body.

4. In which part of the cell are proteins modified, sorted, and packaged for transport?

• A. Ribosomes
• B. Golgi apparatus
• C. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
• D. Lysosomes

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The Golgi apparatus is responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins for transport. After proteins are synthesized in the rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER), they are transported to the Golgi apparatus where they undergo post-translational modifications and are sorted into vesicles for transport to their final destinations. Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis, the endoplasmic reticulum is involved in protein synthesis and folding, and lysosomes are responsible for digesting cellular waste. Therefore, the correct answer is B, Golgi apparatus, as it is specifically involved in the modification, sorting, and packaging of proteins for transport.

5. What are isotopes?

• A. Atoms of the same element with different numbers of protons.
• B. Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons.
• C. Atoms of different elements with the same number of protons.
• D. Atoms of different elements with the same number of electrons.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons. This means that isotopes have the same atomic number (Z) but different mass numbers (A). For example, carbon-12 (¹²C), carbon-13 (¹³C), and carbon-14 (¹⁴C) are all isotopes of carbon. They all have six protons in their nuclei, but they have different numbers of neutrons: carbon-12 has six neutrons, carbon-13 has seven neutrons, and carbon-14 has eight neutrons.

6. What is the role of RNA in protein synthesis?

• A. Stores genetic information
• B. Decodes genetic information
• C. Provides energy for the process
• D. Transports amino acids to the ribosomes

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Rationale: RNA plays a crucial role in protein synthesis by decoding the genetic information stored in DNA and carrying it to the ribosomes where proteins are synthesized. This process involves transcription, where RNA is synthesized from DNA, and translation, where the information in RNA is used to assemble amino acids into proteins. RNA acts as a messenger between DNA and the ribosomes, ensuring that the correct sequence of amino acids is used to build proteins according to the genetic code. Therefore, option B is the most appropriate choice as it accurately describes the role of RNA in protein synthesis.

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