Nursing Elites

1. What literary device is used in the phrase "the lion's roar thundered across the savanna"?

• A. Simile
• B. Metaphor
• C. Hyperbole
• D. Personification

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Option A compares the roar to thunder using "like" or "as," making it a simile.

2. What are chromosomes made of?

• A. DNA and RNA
• B. DNA and proteins
• C. Proteins and carbohydrates
• D. DNA only

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Rationale: Chromosomes are structures found in the nucleus of cells that contain genetic material. They are made up of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid), which carries the genetic information, and proteins that help in the organization and packaging of the DNA. While RNA is involved in various cellular processes, it is not a major component of chromosomes. Carbohydrates are not a significant component of chromosomes. Therefore, the most accurate answer is B) DNA and proteins.

3. Two experiments investigating the same phenomenon produce conflicting results. What is the most appropriate next step?

• A. Ignore the conflicting results and focus on the more convincing experiment.
• B. Conduct a combined experiment incorporating elements of both.
• C. Attack the methodology of the experiment with conflicting results.
• D. Accept the more recent experiment as definitively correct.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: When faced with conflicting results from two experiments, it is important to critically evaluate the methodology of both experiments. By examining the experimental design, variables controlled for, sample sizes, and potential sources of bias, one can better understand the reasons behind the discrepancies. Attacking the methodology of the experiment with conflicting results can help identify potential flaws or limitations that may explain the differences in outcomes. This approach allows for a more informed decision on how to proceed, rather than simply ignoring or accepting one set of results over the other.

4. What is the involuntary process of emptying the bladder called?

• A. Filtration
• B. Micturition
• C. Reabsorption
• D. Excretion

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Micturition.' Micturition, also known as urination, is the involuntary process of emptying the bladder. During micturition, the bladder contracts while the sphincter muscles relax, allowing urine to be expelled from the body. Filtration (A) is the process of separating substances based on their size as they pass through a filter. Reabsorption (C) refers to the process of reclaiming substances from the filtrate in the renal tubules back into the bloodstream. Excretion (D) is the process of eliminating waste products from the body through urine, feces, sweat, or other means. Therefore, micturition is the specific term that describes the act of emptying the bladder involuntarily.

5. Which of the following is the main organ responsible for storing energy?

• A. Liver
• B. Heart
• C. Kidneys
• D. Adipose tissue

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Rationale: - Adipose tissue, commonly known as body fat, is the main organ responsible for storing energy in the form of triglycerides. - The liver plays a role in energy metabolism by regulating glucose levels and storing glycogen, but its primary function is not energy storage. - The heart is a muscular organ responsible for pumping blood throughout the body and does not play a significant role in energy storage. - The kidneys are vital organs responsible for filtering blood and regulating fluid balance, but they are not primarily involved in energy storage.

6. What is the difference between homologous chromosomes and sister chromatids?

• A. Homologous chromosomes have the same genes but may have different alleles, while sister chromatids are identical copies of the same chromosome.
• B. Homologous chromosomes are only found in diploid cells, while sister chromatids are found in both haploid and diploid cells.
• C. Both homologous chromosomes and sister chromatids are genetically identical, but only sister chromatids separate during mitosis.
• D. Both homologous chromosomes and sister chromatids can separate during mitosis, but only homologous chromosomes have different alleles.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Rationale: - Homologous chromosomes are pairs of chromosomes that have the same genes in the same order, one from each parent. While they carry the same genes, they may have different alleles (variants of a gene). - Sister chromatids are exact copies of each other, formed during DNA replication. They are held together by a centromere and are produced during the S phase of the cell cycle. - During meiosis, homologous chromosomes pair up and exchange genetic material through crossing over, leading to genetic variation. Sister chromatids separate during mitosis to ensure each daughter cell receives an identical copy of the genetic material.

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