ATI TEAS 7
Anatomy
1. Which muscular pouch in the upper left abdomen stores food after swallowing and begins mechanical and chemical digestion?
- A. Esophagus
- B. Stomach
- C. Small intestine
- D. Large intestine
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Stomach. The stomach is the muscular pouch in the upper left abdomen that stores food after swallowing. It is responsible for beginning both mechanical and chemical digestion processes. Once food enters the stomach, it is mixed with gastric juices and enzymes that break down the food into smaller particles. The stomach also contracts and relaxes to further mix the food with digestive juices. The esophagus is a tube that connects the throat to the stomach and does not store food or participate in digestion. The small intestine and large intestine are parts of the digestive system, but they are not muscular pouches in the upper left abdomen responsible for storing and digesting food.
2. Which pattern of nursing care involves the care given by a group of paraprofessional workers
- A. Case method
- B. Modular nursing
- C. Nursing case management
- D. Team nursing
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'Case method.' The case method of nursing care involves the care provided by a group of paraprofessional workers, such as nursing assistants or aides, under the supervision of professional nurses. In this model, the nursing team works together to deliver care to a group of patients based on their specific needs and conditions. This method allows for efficient and coordinated care delivery, with each member of the team playing a crucial role in meeting the patients' healthcare needs. It is important for nurses to effectively delegate tasks and supervise paraprofessional workers in the case method model to ensure high-quality care and patient safety.
3. A rocket engine expels hot gases backwards. What principle explains the rocket's forward motion?
- A. Newton's first law of motion
- B. Newton's second law of motion
- C. Newton's third law of motion
- D. Law of conservation of energy
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The hot gases expelled backwards exert a force on the rocket in the opposite direction (forward), propelling it upwards according to the action-reaction principle.
4. Which of the following is the smallest part of an element that can still be recognized as that element?
- A. Electron
- B. Proton
- C. Neutron
- D. Atom
Correct answer: D
Rationale: An atom is the smallest unit of matter that retains the chemical properties of an element. It is composed of a nucleus containing protons and neutrons, and electrons that orbit the nucleus. The number of protons in the nucleus determines the atomic number of the element, and the number of neutrons determines the isotope of the element.
5. Two experiments investigating the same phenomenon produce conflicting results. What is the most appropriate next step?
- A. Ignore the conflicting results and focus on the more convincing experiment.
- B. Conduct a combined experiment incorporating elements of both.
- C. Attack the methodology of the experiment with conflicting results.
- D. Accept the more recent experiment as definitively correct.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: When faced with conflicting results from two experiments, it is important to critically evaluate the methodology of both experiments. By examining the experimental design, variables controlled for, sample sizes, and potential sources of bias, one can better understand the reasons behind the discrepancies. Attacking the methodology of the experiment with conflicting results can help identify potential flaws or limitations that may explain the differences in outcomes. This approach allows for a more informed decision on how to proceed, rather than simply ignoring or accepting one set of results over the other.
6. What type of lens is thinner at the center than at the edges and causes light rays to diverge?
- A. Convex lens
- B. Concave lens
- C. Diverging lens
- D. Plano-convex lens
Correct answer: b
Rationale: A concave lens is thinner at the center than at the edges and diverges light rays.
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