Nursing Elites

1. Balance the following redox reaction in acidic solution: I⁻ (aq) + Cr₂O₇²⁻ (aq) -> I₂ (aq) + Cr³⁺ (aq). Identify the oxidizing agent and reducing agent.

• A. I⁻ is oxidized, Crâ‚‚O₇²⁻ is reduced
• B. I⁻ is reduced, Crâ‚‚O₇²⁻ is oxidized.
• C. Both I⁻ and Crâ‚‚O₇²⁻ are oxidized.
• D. Both I⁻ and Crâ‚‚O₇²⁻ are reduced.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: . I⁻ loses an electron (oxidation), Cr₂O₇²⁻ gains electrons (reduction).

2. Which of the following is the main organ responsible for storing energy?

• A. Liver
• B. Heart
• C. Kidneys
• D. Adipose tissue

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Rationale: - Adipose tissue, commonly known as body fat, is the main organ responsible for storing energy in the form of triglycerides. - The liver plays a role in energy metabolism by regulating glucose levels and storing glycogen, but its primary function is not energy storage. - The heart is a muscular organ responsible for pumping blood throughout the body and does not play a significant role in energy storage. - The kidneys are vital organs responsible for filtering blood and regulating fluid balance, but they are not primarily involved in energy storage.

3. How do isotopes affect the atomic mass of an element?

• A. Isotopes have no effect on the atomic mass of an element.
• B. Isotopes cause the atomic mass of an element to vary slightly.
• C. Isotopes cause the atomic mass of an element to be exactly the same for all isotopes of that element.
• D. Isotopes cause the atomic mass of an element to vary greatly.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The atomic mass of an element is the average mass of all the isotopes of that element. Since isotopes have different numbers of neutrons, they also have slightly different masses. This variation in mass is what causes the atomic mass of an element to be a decimal number, rather than a whole number.

4. Which blood vessels carry deoxygenated blood from the body back to the right atrium of the heart?

• A. Arteries
• B. Veins
• C. Capillaries
• D. Venules

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Veins. Veins are the blood vessels that carry deoxygenated blood from the body back to the heart. Arteries carry oxygenated blood away from the heart, while capillaries are tiny blood vessels where exchange of gases and nutrients occurs. Venules are small blood vessels that collect blood from capillaries and carry it to veins. Understanding the role of veins in carrying deoxygenated blood is crucial for comprehending the circulatory system and how blood is circulated throughout the body.

5. Fertilization, the fusion of sperm and egg, typically occurs in which part of the female reproductive system?

• A. Ovary
• B. Fallopian tube
• C. Uterus
• D. Vagina

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Fallopian tube. Fertilization usually occurs in the fallopian tube. After ovulation, the egg is released from the ovary into the fallopian tube where it can be fertilized by sperm. The fallopian tube provides the ideal environment for fertilization to take place before the fertilized egg travels to the uterus for implantation. The other options, such as the ovary, uterus, and vagina, do not typically serve as the site of fertilization. Therefore, the fallopian tube is the correct answer in this case.

6. What is the process by which decomposers break down organic matter?

• A. Photosynthesis
• B. Bioremediation
• C. Decomposition
• D. Nitrification

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: A) Photosynthesis is the process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy to produce glucose from carbon dioxide and water. This process is not related to the breakdown of organic matter by decomposers. B) Bioremediation is the use of living organisms to clean up contaminated environments. While it involves the use of microorganisms to break down pollutants, it is not specifically focused on breaking down organic matter. C) Decomposition is the process by which decomposers such as bacteria, fungi, and other organisms break down organic matter into simpler substances. This process is essential for nutrient recycling in ecosystems. D) Nitrification is the biological oxidation of ammonia or ammonium to nitrite followed by the oxidation of nitrite to nitrate by nitrifying bacteria. This process is part of the nitrogen cycle and is not directly related to the breakdown of organic matter.

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