ATI TEAS 7
Chemistry
1. What is the molar mass of Ca(NO3)2?
- A. 74.1 g/mol
- B. 132.1 g/mol
- C. 164.1 g/mol
- D. 78.1 g/mol
Correct answer: b
Rationale: Calculate the molar mass: Ca(40.08) + 2N(14.01) + 6O(16.00) = 132.1 g/mol.
2. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) plays a crucial role in regulating water balance. When ADH levels are high, what happens to urine production?
- A. Urine production increases significantly
- B. Urine production decreases to conserve water
- C. There is no change in urine production
- D. The kidneys stop producing urine altogether
Correct answer: B
Rationale: When antidiuretic hormone (ADH) levels are high, it indicates that the body needs to conserve water. ADH works by increasing the permeability of the collecting ducts in the kidneys, allowing more water to be reabsorbed back into the bloodstream. This action leads to a decrease in urine production, as the body retains more water to maintain proper fluid balance. Therefore, the correct answer is B: 'Urine production decreases to conserve water.' High levels of ADH help the body prevent dehydration by reducing the amount of water lost in urine.
3. The element responsible for the yellow color of bananas is:
- A. Potassium
- B. Calcium
- C. Phosphorus
- D. Carotene
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Carotene is a type of carotenoid pigment found in fruits and vegetables, contributing to their yellow, orange, and red hues.
4. Identify the spectator ions in the reaction: 2KCl + Pb(NO3)2 → 2KNO3 + PbCl2.
- A. K+ and NO3-
- B. K+ and Cl-
- C. Pb2+ and NO3-
- D. Pb2+ and Cl-
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Rationale: - In the reaction, potassium ions (K+) and chloride ions (Cl-) are present on both sides of the equation. They are not involved in the formation of the products and remain unchanged. - Lead ions (Pb2+) and nitrate ions (NO3-) are involved in the formation of the products potassium nitrate (KNO3) and lead(II) chloride (PbCl2). - Therefore, the spectator ions in this reaction are K+ and Cl-.
5. Simple columnar epithelium lining the small intestine is crucial for:
- A. Movement
- B. Support
- C. Absorption
- D. Insulation
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Absorption. The simple columnar epithelium lining the small intestine is crucial for absorption due to its structure and function. It has microvilli that increase the surface area available for nutrient absorption. This epithelium also contains specialized cells like goblet cells that secrete mucus to protect the lining and aid in the movement of materials. Movement (choice A) is more related to muscle tissue rather than epithelial tissue. Support (choice B) is usually provided by connective tissue rather than epithelial tissue. Insulation (choice D) is not a function of the simple columnar epithelium in the small intestine.
6. Which of the following is a condition characterized by inflammation and narrowing of the airways, leading to symptoms such as wheezing, coughing, and shortness of breath?
- A. Pneumonia
- B. Tuberculosis
- C. Asthma
- D. Emphysema
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Asthma. Asthma is a chronic condition that involves inflammation and narrowing of the airways, leading to symptoms like wheezing, coughing, and shortness of breath. Pneumonia (A) is an infection of the lungs, not a chronic inflammatory condition like asthma. Tuberculosis (B) is a bacterial infection that primarily affects the lungs and does not typically manifest with symptoms like wheezing. Emphysema (D) is a lung condition characterized by damage to the air sacs in the lungs, not inflammation and narrowing of the airways like asthma.
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