Nursing Elites

1. What is the term for a solution that has a lower concentration of solute compared to another solution?

• A. Saturated solution
• B. Unsaturated solution
• C. Dilute solution
• D. Concentrated solution

Correct answer: C

Rationale: A dilute solution has a lower concentration of solute compared to another solution. The other choices do not accurately describe a dilute solution.

2. What is the Doppler effect, and how does it explain the shift in frequency of sound waves perceived by an observer?

• A. It only affects light waves, not sound waves.
• B. It's the change in wave speed due to medium density.
• C. It's the perceived change in frequency due to relative motion.
• D. It's the bending of waves due to different mediums.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The Doppler effect describes how the perceived frequency of a wave changes depending on the relative motion between the source and observer. For example, an approaching siren sounds higher pitched due to compressed wavefronts, while a receding siren sounds lower due to stretched wavefronts.

3. She wants to ensure that every task is carried out as planned. Which of the following tasks is

• A. Instructing the members of the standards committee to prepare policies
• B. Reviewing the existing policies of the hospital
• C. Evaluating the credentials of all nursing staff
• D. Checking if activities conform to schedule

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because evaluating the credentials of all nursing staff is essential to ensuring that the right individuals are in place to carry out tasks effectively. This task directly contributes to maintaining a high standard of performance and ensuring that the team is qualified for their roles. In contrast, the other options focus on policies, reviews, and schedules, which are important but do not directly address the qualifications and capabilities of the staff responsible for task execution.

4. Which type of symbiosis is where both organisms benefit from the interaction?

• A. Mutualism
• B. Commensalism
• C. Parasitism
• D. Predation

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Rationale: Mutualism is a type of symbiosis in which both organisms involved benefit from the interaction. This relationship is characterized by cooperation and mutual support, leading to advantages for both parties. In mutualistic relationships, each organism provides something that the other needs, resulting in a mutually beneficial outcome. Examples of mutualism include the relationship between bees and flowers (pollination) and the partnership between nitrogen-fixing bacteria and leguminous plants.

5. Which of the following is an example of aseptic technique?

• A. Washing hands with soap and water before surgery
• B. Coughing into your elbow
• C. Sharing a stethoscope without cleaning
• D. Leaving a wound dressing exposed

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Rationale: Aseptic technique refers to practices that help prevent the introduction of harmful microorganisms into a sterile environment. Washing hands with soap and water before surgery is an essential component of aseptic technique as it helps reduce the number of microorganisms on the hands, decreasing the risk of introducing pathogens into the surgical site. Coughing into your elbow is a good hygiene practice to prevent the spread of respiratory infections but is not specifically related to aseptic technique. Sharing a stethoscope without cleaning can introduce microorganisms from one patient to another, compromising aseptic conditions. Leaving a wound dressing exposed can lead to contamination and infection, which is contrary to aseptic technique.

6. What is the term for the inflammation of the airways in the lungs, often causing wheezing and difficulty breathing?

• A. Pneumonia
• B. Emphysema
• C. Asthma
• D. Pleurisy

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: "Asthma." Asthma is a chronic condition characterized by inflammation of the airways in the lungs, leading to symptoms like wheezing, shortness of breath, coughing, and chest tightness. Pneumonia (A) is an infection in the lungs caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi. Emphysema (B) is a type of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) characterized by damage to the air sacs in the lungs. Pleurisy (D) is inflammation of the lining of the lungs and chest cavity. Therefore, asthma best fits the description provided in the question, making it the correct answer.

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