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Nursing Elites

ATI TEAS 7

Chemistry

1. What is the term for the chemical reaction that involves the loss of electrons?

Correct answer: b

Rationale: Oxidation is the chemical reaction that involves the loss of electrons. The other choices describe different types of reactions.

2. What is the role of DNA in heredity?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is a molecule that carries the genetic instructions used in the growth, development, functioning, and reproduction of all living organisms. It stores genetic information in the form of a code made up of four chemical bases: adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G). This genetic information is passed down from parents to offspring and is responsible for determining an organism's traits and characteristics. DNA does not provide energy for the cell (option A), determine the structure and function of proteins (option B), or control cell division (option D).

3. A decorative globe has a diameter of 25cm. What is its total surface area?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Use the formula for surface area of a sphere: 4 * π * (radius)^2, where radius is half the diameter. Calculate the radius (12.5cm) and substitute: 4 * π * (12.5cm)^2 ≈ 1963 sq cm.

4. Which term refers to the point of contact between a motor neuron and a muscle fiber, where communication occurs to initiate muscle contraction?

Correct answer: b

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Synapse. A synapse is the point of contact between a motor neuron and a muscle fiber. At the synapse, communication occurs in the form of neurotransmitters being released from the neuron and binding to receptors on the muscle fiber, initiating muscle contraction. A sarcomere refers to the basic contractile unit of a muscle fiber, not the point of contact between a motor neuron and muscle fiber. A tendon is a fibrous connective tissue that connects muscle to bone, not the communication point. Myofibril is a structure within muscle fibers that contains sarcomeres, but it is not the specific term for the point of contact between a motor neuron and muscle fiber.

5. A medication order is written as 3/4 of a tablet. If each tablet is 500mg, what is the equivalent dosage in milligrams?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Multiply the tablet strength (500mg) by the fractional dose (3/4) to get 375 milligrams.

6. Differentiate between epithelial and connective tissue.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Epithelial tissue covers surfaces and lines organs, while connective tissue provides support and structure throughout the body. Both are composed of cells, but their functions and locations differ.

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